Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing
Vol. 10, No. 4, December 2005, pp. 571-580 571
C The Association for Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing
[Received April 20, 2005; Revised June 17, 2005; Accepted August 21, 2005]
隐喻性成语的语义映射1
Semantic Mapping in Chinese Metaphorical Idioms
李芸+
、李素建+
、王治敏+
、吴云芳+
Yun Li, Sujian Li, Zhimin Wang and Yunfang Wu
摘要成语中的隐喻是一种非常普遍的现象.从本义到其隐喻义,可以看作是一种此
类事物语义映射到彼类事物的认知活动.本文对 2,347 条隐喻性成语进行了统
计,分析了它们的语言特点、语法结构、语法功能、语法结构与语法功能的关
系以及语义类别.分析了隐喻性成语中的语义映射的类型.大多数隐喻性成语
都是由关涉性语义成分和描述性语义成分共同构成,其中关涉性语义成分是实
现显性事物到隐性事物语义映射的基础,而它们的关联则依赖于描述性语义成
分.
关键字:隐喻,隐喻性成语,语义映射
Abstract
Metaphors in idioms are universal in languages. The progression from conceptual
meaning to metaphorical meaning is a cognitive activity of mapping from one thing
to another. This paper, based on the analysis of 2,347 metaphorical idioms, their
linguistic features, grammatical structures, grammatical functions, and semantic
categories, tries to identify categories of metaphorical idioms. Most of the
metaphorical idioms in Chinese are found to be composed of projective semantic
1
本文相关研究得到中国国家 863 计画(2001AA114210,2002AA117010)和国家 973 计画
(2004CB318102)的支持.
北京大学计算语言学研究所
Institute of Computational Linguistics, Peking University, Beijing, China
E-mail: {liyun2003, lisujian, wangzm, wuyf}@pku.edu.cn
+
中国社会科学院语言研究所
Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Science, Beijing, China
E-mail: liyun@cass.org.cn.
572 李芸 等elements and descriptive semantic elements, among which the former are the basis
for mapping from explicit to the implicit meaning, while the latter are the key to
understanding the relevance of the two parts.
Keywords: Idiom, Metaphorical Idiom, Semantic Mapping
1. 引言

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