第 24 卷第 5 期 2003 年 9 月
环 境 科 学 ENV IRONM EN TAL SCIENCE
Vol. 24 ,No. 5 Sep . ,2003
沈阳市环境铅污染对儿童健康的影响
王春梅1 , 欧阳华1 , 王金达2 , 刘景双2 , 张学林2 ,王艳2 ( 11 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 ,
北京 100101 ; 21 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 ,长春 130012) 式再次进入大气 ,存在潜在风险 ,应引起有关部门足够的重视 . 关键词 : 环境毒理 ; 环境铅污染 ; 健康效应 ; 儿童铅中毒 ; 沈阳市 摘要 : 实地调查采样 , 结合 GIS 技术进行室内综合分析 ,系统研究了沈阳市大气 , 土壤 , 灰尘中铅污染对儿童健康 的影响 . 结果表明 ,沈阳市环境中铅暴露普遍 ,铅污染较严重 ,铅浓度空间分异大 ,已形成 4 个高浓度中心 . 并且大 μ 气铅浓度有明显的日 , 季和年变化规律 . 沈阳市环境铅污染已经影响了儿童健康 ,0 ～ 10 岁儿童 ( ZPP > 213 mol/ 最大 ,其次是土壤和灰尘 . 实行无铅汽油之后 ,大气铅污染有了很大改善 ,但是土壤和灰尘中的铅容易以扬尘的方
Abstract :In t his t hesis , based on field sampling and indoor integrated analysis wit h GIS technology , t he impact of lead pollution in t he atmosp here , dust , soil on t he children was explored systemically. Results showed t hat , Lead exposure in environment was widely distributed and Lead pollution was serious in Shenyang city. The spatial variations of Lead ,wit h four high content centers in t he soil , dust and atmos here , were distinct in all t he environmental media. Moreover , p t here were daily , seasonal and annual variations in t he atmos here. The impact of lead pollution in environment on chil2 p μ dren healt h was serious in Shenyang city. The blood lead content of t he children ( ZPP > 213 mol/ L ) wit h t he age of 0 μ μ ～10 ranged from 10198 to 51112 g/ L ,and t he average of 135159 g/ L . The blood content of 40 % children was be2 yond t he normal standard. And correlative degree of lead contents between in blood and in atmos here was highest , sec2 p ondly in soil , and last in dust . Wit h t he implication of non2lead gasoline t he lead content in t he atmosp here had declined greatly. Along wit h t he flying dust , t he lead in t he soil and dust was likely to entering into t he atmosp here to bring out potential pollution risk. Keywords: environmental toxicology ; environmental lead pollution ; healt h effect ; lead intoxication of children ; Shenyang city
μ μ L ) 血铅范围是 10198～51112 g/ L ,平均值是 135159 g/ L ,40 %的儿童血铅水平超标 . 儿童血铅与大气铅相关性

下一页