UNIT 1 College Life Teaching Objectives? In this unit, the teacher will help students learn how to: preview a text to understand it better. organize an article on the topic "College Life." fill in forms. translate a specific word in light of context. make a study plan. talk about"中国龙"in English. Part A? Reading? Language Learning Strategy? Preview a Text to Understand It Better Strategy Teaching? Procedure First, T explains how the word preview is formed to help Ss understand its meaning.The word preview is formed by adding the prefix pre- which means "before; in advance" to the word view, which means "examine; look at thoroughly." Second, T may have a S read the section entitled "Preview a Text to Understand It Better" aloud so that Ss can get the general idea of the paragraph. Third, T introduces the common ways of previewing: look at the title of the article. look at all the headings, subheadings and marked, italic or dark print. look at any pictures or illustrations, charts or graphs. read the first and last paragraphs, and skim over the passage. glance at the first sentence of every other paragraph. Apply the Strategy Teaching? Procedure Give Ss three minutes to work in pairs to answer the questions. Then check whether Ss get 读写译 教学参考书 ① the correct answers from the text. Key? for? Reference Preview Reading 1 of this unit and talk with your classmates about these questions. 1)What is the passage about? It is about Harvard University's habits for success. 2)What have researchers at Harvard University found out? They have found out what contributed both to Harvard University students' academic success and their feeling of satisfaction. )What is the third paragraph about? It is about how the researchers got their information. )How many tips on academic success are mentioned in Reading 1? Four. Language for Reference? The following words or terms are closely related to the topic of "College Life," and may help students familiarize themselves with the topic quickly. academic year 学年 freshman, sophomore, junior and senior 大学 一年级、二年级、三年级、四年级学生 credit 学分 required courses 必修课程 optional courses 选修课程 major 专业 course requirement 课程要求 class interaction 课堂互动 online study 在线学习 paper 论文 dissertation 学位论文 presentation 针对某一专题 进行的发言 seminar(大学教师带领学生作 专题讨论的)研讨班 lecture 讲课 scholarship 奖学金 clubs or associations 社团 extracurricular activities 课外活动 part-time job 兼职工作 live on/off campus 住在校园内/外international students 国际学生 assessment 评估 Reading 1? Before You Read Teaching? Procedure 1. T gives Ss five minutes to discuss the questions in Exercise 1. 2. T directs Ss to do Exercise 2 in pairs. Have them take turns with their partner, asking for and giving the meaning of a word. Ask them to use the pattern"What does mean?"Check the answer after they cover all the words. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE Key? for? Reference 1. Discuss the following questions with your partner. 1) How much do you know about Harvard University? (See Background Information.) 2) What do you think you should do in order to achieve success in college? broaden the scope of knowledge; develop good interpersonal relations with fellow students and teachers; build up a positive outlook and attitude towards life; discover one's potential and then make great efforts to bring it into full play; ... 2. Try to match the word in the left column with its meaning in the right column and then check the answers against the reading. (See Student's Book.) Now You Read Teaching? Procedure 1. T instructs Ss to apply the reading strategies of (1) skimming, (2) reading (at their own pace), and () reading for details when they read the text "Harvard University's Habits for Success". 2. Apply the strategy of skimming: Ask Ss to read the first paragraph, the first sentences of the other paragraphs and the last paragraph. Look for names, dates, and numbers. Give them one minute to skim the text. . Apply the strategy of reading (at their own pace): Ask Ss to read the entire text at their own pace and pay attention to main points while reading. Give them sufficient time to read the text. . Apply the strategy of reading for details: Ask Ss to read the text again and try to notice as many details as possible. Give them sufficient time to read the text. Background? Information 1 Harvard University Harvard University, which was established in 166, is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. Most of Harvard University's campuses are located in Cambridge and Boston, Massachusetts, on the eastern coast of the United States of America. Seven presidents of the United States-John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Theodore and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Rutherford B. Hayes, John Fitzgerald Kennedy and George W. Bush-were graduates of Harvard. Harvard University has produced more than 0 Nobel laureates. Drew Faust is currently the female president of Harvard University, who inaugurated on October 12, 2007. 2 Boston Boston, the capital city of Massachusetts, is located in the eastern part of the state on Boston Harbor. Boston is the largest and most in?uential city in the six-state New England region. It was one of the earliest major U.S. cities to be settled by Europeans(162)and the largest city in the British American colonies. The American Revolution(177-178)began in the Boston area. At the end of the 20th century, Boston was the focus of economic activity, communications, and transportation in New England and was one of the major centers of higher education in the United States. The city is scenically located along the waters of the Charles River and Boston Harbor. It has a compact city center, which is dotted with sites of historic interest dating to colonial times. 读写译 教学参考书 ① 3 Massachusetts One of the six New England states, and one of the first 1 states in the Union(it entered in 1788), Massachusetts is known as the"Old Colony State." The Pilgrims established their settlement at Plymouth in 1620, arriving on the Mayflower. They were followed shortly by the Puritans, who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Puritans named their colony after a local Indian tribe whose name means"a large hill place. " The birthplace of many of the ideals of the American Revolution, Massachusetts attracted people who believed in self-government. It's appropriate that the state ?ower is the may?ower, also known as the trailing arbutus. Outline? of? the? Text Part 1: (Paras. 1–) The Introduction: Researchers at Harvard University interviewed students to find out what contributed to their academic success and their feeling of satisfaction.The findings led to the changes in the university's policies. Part 2: (Para. ) A few tips from Harvard University's habits for success. Tip 1: Get to know your professor. Tip 2: Study in groups. Tip : Allow enough time to do a good job. Tip : Join an activity. Part : (Para. ) The conclusion: Make time to work hard and leave time to play hard, you will succeed in your studies. Language? Study 1 Many different types of self-help books advise the reader to develop the skills, goals, and attitudes that will both promote success and provide for a healthy lifestyle. (Para. 1) Paraphrase: Through self-help books, a reader can learn how to become successful and prepare for a healthy way of living by developing the skills, goals and attitudes. promote? v. 1)to help in the growth or development of 促进,推动,增进 Milk promotes health. 2)to give (someone) a higher position or rank 提升,晋升(某人) The young army officer was promoted to (the rank of) captain. ) to bring (goods) to public notice in order to encourage people to buy 推销(货物) a big advertising campaign to promote new toothpaste 2 provide for (Para. 1) 1)to make the necessary future arrangements for 为……做好准备 The plans provide for road traffic increasing to twice its present volume. 2)to support; to supply with the things necessary for life 供养,抚养 He has five children to provide for. provide sb. with sth. (sb.) / provide sth. for sb. 提供;为(某人)配备 The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service for its residents. 3 contribute to (Para. 1) 1)to help in causing a situation, event, or condition 起促成作用 This advertising campaign has contributed significantly to the success of the new car. 2)to join with others in giving (money, help, etc.) 捐献;捐助;贡献出;出一份钱;出一份力 I contributed (a pound) to/towards Jane's leaving present. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE )to write and send (a written article) to a magazine, newspaper, etc.(给杂志、报纸等)撰稿,投稿 She regularly contributes to the college magazine. make a contribution to sth. 对……做出贡献 He has made an important contribution to the company's success. 4 This helps a student to feel connected to the school. (Para. 4) "This"here refers to"Get to know at least one of these professors and have them get to know you." Par aphrase: Getting to know at least one of the professors who are going to give you classes each semester and having them get to know you as well will help you feel like you are part of the school. 5 specific? a. (Para. 4) 1)detailed and exact; clear in meaning or explanation 明确的,确切的,详尽的 She gave us very specific instructions. 2)particular; fixed, determined, or named 具体的,特有的,特定的 There is a specific tool for each job. )limited to; found only in 仅限于……的,只发现于……的This disease is specific to horses. 6 effective? a.(Para. 4) 1)producing the desired result 产生预期效果的,有效的 The ads were simple, but remarkably effective. 2)in operation 生效的,起作用的 When does the new system become effective ? 7 Very few students are aware of this need for uninterrupted study time.(Para. 4) Paraphrase: Not many students realize that it is necessary for them to arrange time for continuous study. be aware of / that: having knowledge or understanding 意识到,知道,明白 He said that the government was acutely(= very)aware of the problem. be unaware of / that: not having knowledge or consciousness 没有意识到,不知道,不明白 He was completely unaware that he was being watched. 8 Students who got involved in an activity—even in a small way—felt more positive about their education. (Para. 4) Paraphrase: Students who joined an activity, even in which they didn't play an important role, felt more confident about their education. be / get involved in: taking part in sth.; being part of sth. or connected with sth. 参与,介入 If I were you,I wouldn't get involved in their problems. involve sb.(in sth./in doing sth.): to make sb. take part in sth.(使)参加,加入 Parents should involve themselves in their children's education. involvement: the act of taking part in sth. The police are investigating his possible involvement in the crime. 9 positive? a. (Para. 4) 1)thinking about what is good in a situation; feeling confident and hopeful 乐观的,自信的 a positive attitude to life 2) (of a person)completely sure that sth. is correct or true 确信的,有把握的 I can't be positive about what time it happened. 读写译 教学参考书 ① )expressing agreement or support 同意的,支持的 We've had a very positive response to the idea. 10 keep to sth. (Para. 5) 1)to do what you have promised or agreed to do 遵守,履行 Let's keep to the original plan. 2) to follow closely or limit oneself to 使不偏离,使局限于 Don't raise irrelevant matters, we must keep to the subject. After You Read Key? for? Reference I. Comprehension of the Text 1. Fill in the blanks to complete the main ideas according to the text you've just read. Part Para(s). Main? Ideas 1 1– Introduction: Researchers at Harvard University interviewed students to find out what contributed to their academic success and their feeling of satisfaction.The finding led to the changes to the university's policies. Para. 1: the research on the factors contri- buting to students' academic success and their feeling of satisfaction Para. 2: the in?uence of the finding on the university's policies Para. : the ways in which the researchers got the information 2 a few tips from Harvard University's habits for success Tip 1: Get to know your professor. Tip 2: Study in groups. Tip : Allow enough time to do a good job. Tip : Join an activity. Conclusion: Make time to work hard and leave time to play hard, and you will succeed in your studies. 2. Work in groups and decide whether the following statements are true (T.) or false (F.) based on the text you've just read. 1) Researchers at Harvard University interviewed a lot of students and got the answer to what led to their academic success and their feeling of satisfaction. (T.)(此句与第一段最后一句表述一致. ) 2) In order to get information, the researchers asked the students a lot of questions about the quality of teaching, the teaching method they like, their feeling about what they were learning, and so on. (F.)(见 第三段,文中不曾提到 the teaching method they like, 故而判断该表述有误. ) ) The research showed that those students who tried to get to know some of their professors and asked them for advice about the subjects they studied finally improved their grades. (T.)(见第四段中所陈述 的第一条建议,此句表述与文中内容相符. ) UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE ) At Harvard University, those students who studied for two or three hours without interruptions were more successful than those who only studied for twenty or thirty minutes at a time. (T.)(见第四段中所 陈述的第三条建议,此句表述与文中内容相符. ) ) Students were encouraged to join a club or a team. However, their participation in activities did not necessarily make them feel more confident in their studies. (F.)(见第四段中所陈述的第四条建议, 上半句内容与原文相符,下半句与原文最后一句相悖,故而判断该表述有误. ) II. Reciting? Listen to the recording of the following paragraphs and mark the words or phrases with for a rising tone, for a falling tone, I for a sense group.Then practice the reading until you can recite it. Doing homework is important ↑ | but it's not always enough. ↑ | In order to really understand the ideas, ↑ | it's better to meet with a small group of two ↑ or three students after you study. ↑ | Complete the assignments with them. ↑ | Those students who did this | understood the information better. ↑ | They felt more connected to the class, ↑ | and participated more in their classes. ↑ | You can manage your time ↑ | so that you will be successful in your studies. ↑ | And, ↑ | if you make a schedule and keep to it, ↑ | you can have fun ↑ | and enjoy yourself with the students in your classes. ↑ | When you make time to work hard ↑ | and leave time to play hard, ↑ | you will succeed. ↑ | III. Vocabulary & Structure? 1. Complete the sentences below with the proper words chosen from the box. Change the form where necessary. 1) Companies spend a lot of money in advertising because it can promote the sales of products. 2) The successful artist showed a talent for singing and dancing when she was in kindergarten. ) It has been proved that these new drugs are effective in treating lung cancer. ) The director's serious mistake made all the staff get involved in working extra hours. ) I believe that honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness. 6) David started to feel more positive about his future after his dream of becoming a college student had turned into a reality. 2. Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. Change the form where necessary. 1) His lifestyle is not healthy: eating and smoking more while sleeping less. 2) You can surf the Internet to get many useful tips on how to lose weight. ) Although most smokers are aware of the dangers of smoking, they wouldn't give it up. ) More and more women from China and many other countries participate in a growing number of sports in the Olympic Games. IV. Translation? 1. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese given in brackets into English. 1) Ask specific questions (问一些具体问题)about what you need to do to improve. (specific) 2) If you make a schedule and keep to it(如果你制订一个计划并照此执行), you can have fun and enjoy yourself with the students in your classes. (keep to sth.) ) Even students without special talents can help out in a sports club by helping the team coach(可以在 体育俱乐部里给教练打下手). (help out) 读写译 教学参考书 ① ) When you make time to work hard and leave time to play hard(留够时间,学个彻底,玩个痛快), you will succeed. (make time to do sth.) 2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, and pay attention to the underlined parts. 1) Many different types of self-help books advise the reader to develop the skills, goals, and attitudes that will both promote success and provide for a healthy lifestyle. 种类繁多的自助书籍会给读者提出建议, 帮助读者培养一定的技能、 目标和态度, 以期获得成功, 并拥有一种健康的生活方式. 2) Get to know at least one of these professors and have them get to know you. This helps a student to feel connected to the school. 至少要熟悉其中一位教师并且也要让教师认识你,这样会使你感到你和学校联系在一起. ) Those students who succeeded studied for two to three hours without interruptions. 学习好的学生可以不间断地学习两到三个小时. V. Writing Complete the following chart about differences between high school life and college life. There are many differences between high school life and college life. Fill in the following chart to see how different they are. One of the differences has been written for you. Differences In High School In College Time for class My schedule was almost full on weekdays. It was routine for me to attend classes, do exercises, or take tests every other day. And in the last term of my high school, I even spent six and a half days at school, preparing for my college entrance exam. I had no classes in the evening. I do not have a full schedule every day. I have one morning and two afternoons to myself. Most of my classes are in the morning and I take one elective course on Monday evenings. Study methods I took lots of notes in class and I read through the textbooks and did a lot of homework after school. I hardly had time to learn anything independently. I have discussions with my teachers and classmates. Although I do not have much homework from the teachers, I often do my revisions in the library. After-class activities I had little time for after-class activities. I played table tennis occasionally. I have a lot of time for my own plans. I take part in a great variety of after-class activities, such as sports, games, singing and dancing, as well as some volunteer work. I even have a part-time job. Interpersonal relationships I only had contact with a few people in school. They were mainly my classmates and the teachers. I seldom talked with students from other classes. I make friends with students of different majors during the after-class activities. In my part-time job, I get to come in contact with a lot of people. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE Comment The strength of this sample writing lies in the handling of the topic where it breaks up the "difference" into smaller specific sections, such as the students' schedules, learning methods, extra-curricular activities, and relationships. It then focuses on each item and expands it into a paragraph. Chinese Translation? 哈佛学子的成功之道 1? ? 种类繁多的自助书籍会给读者提出建议,帮助读者培养一定的技能、目标和态度,以期获得成功,并拥有一 种健康的生活方式.如今,在采访了1 600名大学生后,马萨诸塞州波士顿市哈佛大学的研究者们找到了促成哈 佛学子学业成功、让他们产生满足感的因素. 2 他们的重要发现让哈佛大学做出了改变其策略的决定,这些变化包括:给学生布置更多的小组作业以及在下 午安排课程.目的是为了鼓励学生吃晚餐时可以继续讨论他们的课程. 3 研究者们是如何获得所需信息的呢?首先,他们提出很多问题.这些问题涉及学生的课余活动、教学质量和 指导质量等方方面面.研究者们通过探索规律找出某些课程有用的原因.他们询问学生的感受——对自己所学的 东西是否感到高兴、满意或兴奋,然后把得到的答案与学生们在学业方面的成功进行比较.这些问题旨在找出是 什么让学生高兴,又是什么在帮助他们学习. 4 以下是他们通过调查研究所提出的一些建议: 了解任课教师.学生每个学期都要听四到五个教师的课.至少要熟悉其中一位教师并且也要让教师认识你, 这样会使你感到和学校联系在一起.另一个重要的忠告是:向任课教师请教有关课程学习的建议.问一些有关你要 做什么才能进步的具体问题.例如,像 "怎样才能使我第一段的论证更有效?"这样的问题能让你获得所需的建 议.研究表明,大多数寻求帮助的学生提高了成绩,而那些没有寻求帮助的学生则成绩欠佳或不及格. 分小组学习.做家庭作业很重要,但仅仅如此是不够的.为了真正理解学习内容,在学习之余最好和两三 个同学组成学习小组,共同完成作业.能这样做的同学会更好地理解学习内容.他们会觉得与课堂的联系更紧 密,从而更积极地参与课堂学习. 留出足够的时间去做好一件事情.在哈佛大学里,学习好的学生比学习差的学生在学习上花的时间更多.学 习好的学生可以不间断地学习两到三个小时,而学习不太好的学生一次只学习二三十分钟,往往在一天的某些特定 时段学习,如晚餐前或体育运动后.几乎没有多少学生能意识到拥有不间断学习时间的必要性. 参加一项活动.你也许认识不到加入一个俱乐部或加入一个团队的重要性,但这一点恰恰是很重要的.并 非只有优秀的运动员才能加入体育俱乐部.没有运动天赋的学生可以在体育俱乐部里给教练打下手,尽自己的一 份力,比如在比赛或训练期间给队员准备水瓶或切好橙子给他们吃.学生只要参加一项活动,哪怕参与的方式微 不足道,他们也会以更积极的心态面对自己的学业. 5? ? 安排好你的时间,这可以帮助你在学习上取得成功;如果你制订一个计划并照此执行,你就能从中获得乐趣 并与班上同学相处愉快.留够时间,学个彻底,玩个痛快,你就会成功.照此建议去做,你便能感受到成功带来 的快乐. 10 读写译 教学参考书 ① Tuning In? Studying at Cambridge Teaching Procedure 1. Before watching the video "Studying at Cambridge," ask Ss to share their knowledge about "famous universities" in small groups. 2. Play the video for the first time and ask Ss to check with a partner the answers in the Exercise 1. . Play the video for the second time and ask individual students to give their answers. . After watching the video clip, encourage Ss to imitate the two students in the video to introduce themselves. Ask Ss to share each other's expectations of college life, or ask Ss to compare studying at Cambridge with studying at their own universities. . Replay the video if necessary. Summary of the Video The University of Cambridge, one of the most renowned universities in the world, attracts many students from all over the world. Many high school students dream of studying there. Two prospective Cambridge undergraduates talk about their expectations of college life at Cambridge. And the basic information of Cambridge is brie?y introduced as well. Transcript ? Voic e-over: Cambridge is Britain's second oldest university after Oxford. It's actually made up of thirty-one separate colleges, all of which have their own unique character. At Cambridge the teaching is a mixture of lectures and tutorials, where small groups of between one to three students meet with a member of the teaching staff, which means that students get a lot of individual attention. Cambridge has an excellent academic reputation, and many students dream of studying here. Here are two of them... Caro line: My name is Caroline Rothschild. I'm 17 years old and I'm studying at Boston Spa IV Form in Leeds1 . I'm studying English Literature, Psychology, German and Biology. Char lotte: My name's Charlotte Backshall and I'm from Kent2 and I'm coming here today to look at all the colleges'cause I'm interested in doing architecture. So I'm just having a look around–lovely location, lovely weather, so I just gonna have a look and see which ones we like really. Caro line: Today I'm in Cambridge because I want to come to university here. Hopefully I'll be accepted into Newnham College which is an all-girls college. I'm hoping to study English Literature but it's one of the hardest courses to get into. So yeah, I'll have to do a lot of work. Char lotte: So far, I've looked at Pembroke and I've also looked at Trinity Hall this morning and we've looked at the libraries and the grounds and spoken to a few teachers who work there so it's very lovely, I'm very impressed so far. Caroline: There's one place for every five people who apply. So it is very hard to get into. Leeds is a city in northern England and a center of the clothing industry. Kent is a county in southeastern England on the English Channel. Newnham College is one of the 31 colleges of the University of Cambridge, and it is the only undergraduate college with an all-women Fellowship. Pembroke was founded in 1347 and is one of the oldest colleges with the University of Cambridge. Trinity Hall was founded by Henry VIII in 1546 as part of the University of Cambridge. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE 11 Char lotte: So basically the application procedure for Cambridge is that, first, you choose your course and, um, you decide which college you'd like to go to, and then you make a personal statement and sometimes you have to take tests, and then you apply to the college and they'll interview you and then if you, you might get a place, then, um, about January time. And then if you don't, then they can put you in something called a pool where other colleges can look at you, and then it's whether you get accepted or you don't really. Caro line: Um, my family hope that I'll get in and my teachers at school also think that I'll get in. So... I'm quite excited. Note ? tutorial [tju:'tR:rIEl] n. a period of teaching and discussion with a tutor 导师的个别指导 Key for Reference ? 1. Watch the video and fill in the blanks with the exact words you have heard. ?? Cambridge is Britain's second oldest university after Oxford. It's actually made up of (1) thirty-one separate colleges, all of which have their own unique character. At Cambridge the teaching is a mixture of lectures and tutorials, where small groups of between one to three students meet with a member of the teaching staff, which means that students get a lot of (2) individual attention. Cambridge has an excellent () academic reputation, and many students dream of studying here. 2. Watch the video and discuss the following questions with your classmates. 1) Why is Charlotte Backshall in Cambridge today? She is there to look at all the colleges and to see which one she likes best. She wants to study architect- ure at one of the colleges. 2) What does Caroline Rothschild hope to study at Newnham College? She hopes to study English Literature there. Reading 2? Before You Read T asks Ss to read just the first paragraph of the passage "Rules in the College Classroom" and helps Ss predict what the passage will be about. When Ss have finished making their predictions about the passage, T asks them to begin reading. Now You Read Teaching? Procedure 1. T instructs Ss to apply the reading strategies of (1) skimming, (2) reading (at their own pace), and () reading for details when they read the text "Rules in the College Classroom." 2. Apply the strategy of skimming: Ask Ss to read the first paragraph, the subtitles and the first seutences of the other paragraphs. Give them one minute to skim the text. . Apply the strategy of reading (at their own pace): Ask Ss to read the entire text at their own pace and pay attention to main points while reading. Give them sufficient time to read the text. . Apply the strategy of reading for details: Ask Ss to read the text again and try to notice as many details as 12 读写译 教学参考书 ① possible. Give them sufficient time to read the text. Optional? Activity:? Speed? Reading? Competition Have Ss stand. Tell Ss that they are going to compete to be the fastest reader in class. When a S has finished reading, he or she will sit down. Some Ss may get very excited during the activity, so remind them to be careful when sitting down so that they won't have any accidents. Give Ss a countdown: , , , 2, 1. Start! To make the contest more exciting, have Ss compete to read a paragraph or a sentence as quickly as possible, either silently or aloud. Background? Information Grading Policy In the United States, schools, colleges and universities commonly use letters to grade students' assignments and tests: A(excellent), B(good), C(average), D(below average or pass), and E(fail). To qualify for a degree, an undergraduate must have completed the relevant courses with an average grade of C or above; a graduate student must have the average grade of B or above. Language Study 1 punctual? a. (Para. 2) not late; happening, doing something, etc., at the exact time 准时的,守时的 She's never punctual for appointments so you can expect to be kept waiting. 2 attend? v. (Para. 2) 1)to be present at an event 参加,出席,到场 Please let us know if you are unable to attend. 2)to go regularly to a place 经常去,定期去(某处) Our children attend the same school. attend to sb./sth.: to deal with sb./sth.; to take care of sb./sth. 处理;对付;照料;关怀 I have some urgent business to attend to. (BrE, fml) Are you being attended to, Sir? (for example, in a shop) 3 considerate? a. (Para. 2) always thinking of other people's wishes and feelings; careful not to hurt or upset others 关心的,体贴的;替人着想的,考虑周到的 It was very considerate of you to let us know you were going to be late. considerable a. a large number of 相当的,大量的 A considerable number of people object to the government's attitude to immigration. 4 make sure (+ to do sth./ that ...) (Para.3) 1)to find out if sth. is true or to check that sth. has been done 查明,弄清楚 Did you lock the front door?—I think so, but I'd better make sure. 2)to do sth. in order to be certain that sth. else happens 确保;设法保证 We will do our best to make sure you enjoy your visit. 5 distract? v. (Para. 5) to take (a person's attention) off something, especially for a short time 分散注意力,干扰 She was distracted (from her work) by the noise outside. 6 expect of (sb.) (Para. 6) to think naturally that sb. can do better(理所当然地)期望 Don't be too hard on your son. You are expecting too much of him. 7 due? a. (Para. 7) 1)expected to arrive or happen at a particular time 预期的,应到的 UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE 13 His new novel is due to be published next month. 2)owed or owing as a debt or a right(债务、权利等)欠下的,应给的;应归于的,应得的 Our thanks are due to the whole team. After You Read Key? for? Reference I. Comprehension of the Text Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements. 1) Students should understand the rules of the college classroom because, in this way, C) they may become successful in their studies. (根据课文第 1 段最后一句"Understanding the rules of the classroom will help you be a successful student."可知 C) 选项正确. ) 2) According to the second paragraph, the responsibilities of a student involve the following EXCEPT B) attending class now and then. (课文第 2 段中,从"you should be prepared for class, "可知 D) 选项正确;从"you should be punctual, " 可知 A) 选项正确;从"you should be courteous, "可知 C) 选项正确;B) 选项在文中没 有提到. ) ) In the second sentence of the fourth paragraph, "you may be dropped" means D) you may be expelled from this college. (从课文第 段得知,考勤对学生很重要,在有些学校学生如果不去上课就会被开除,这里的 drop 意为 stop,drop out,因此 D) 为正确选项. ) ) At the beginning of the semester, your instructor will give you a written syllabus so that D) you may know what your instructor expects of you during the semester. (文章第 6 段涉及的课堂规则是"Great Expectations, "第一句"Know what your instructors expect of you."为段首主题句.教师给学生发放课程大纲就是要让学生了解教师对他们的要求,因而 D) 选 项正确.A) 选项不是教师发放课程大纲的原因,为错误选项;B) 选项中的"classroom courtesy" 在本段没有提到,为错误选项;C) 选项与段首主题句相悖,为错误选项. ) II. Vocabulary ?? Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). 1) Because of longer working hours, David decided to A) hand in his resignation even though the pay was good. 2) We will meet at nine tomorrow morning at the school gate. Be C) punctual , or the school bus will leave without those who are late. ) The workers in the factory hope that, at the meeting which is A) due to be held next week, an agreement can be reached between their representatives and their boss over increasing wages and improving working conditions. ) As Kate's close friend, I introduce an interesting book to her in order to B) distract her from what she is worrying about. ) After a long period of training, the athletes D) are prepared for the sports games to be held next week. 6) The mother was angry to see her favorite glass broken into pieces, and what made her much angrier was 14 读写译 教学参考书 ① that none of her three kids was willing to take the C) responsibility. 7) The young man works very hard, for he knows that all his family A) expect success of him. 8) It was very B) considerate of you to turn off the TV when I was working on my report. 9) Since the speaker was a famous researcher in this field, many students D) attended his lecture yesterday evening. 10) As soon as the postman left, the boy B) unpacked the box to see what his uncle had sent him for his 18th birthday. III. Putting It All Together (Open.) IV. Dictation? Complete the exercise with the CD-ROM online. What are your responsibilities as a student in a college classroom? First, you should be prepared for class. Read your assignments and finish your homework before coming to class. Next, you should be punctual and attend class regularly. Finally, you should be courteous and considerate. Don't talk, chew gum, or eat in class. Don't walk around or leave the class before asking the instructor. Chinese Translation? 大学课堂守则 1? ? 大多数学校都有课堂守则,大学也不例外.尽管大学课堂守则与中学的不同,但仍然不可或缺.了解这 些课堂守则能有助你成为一名成功的学生. 2 作为一名大学生,你应该遵守哪些课堂守则?首先,应做好上课的准备,弄清楚上次课上老师布置的学 业任务,课前完成作业.其次,应按时上课,不得缺勤.最后,应有礼貌,并为他人着想.上课时不得交头 接耳、嚼口香糖或吃东西;未征得教师同意,不得在课堂上四处走动,或者擅自离开教室. 3 针对下列事项,不同教师会制定不同的规定.一定要了解你的教师的规定. 出勤和准时 4 大多数大学都有学生出勤方面的规定.在有些大学里,缺课可能会被开除,所以,应该向教师询问这方 面的规定.缺课的后果会很严重,你可能会漏掉一份作业、一次小测验、一次对考试的讲评,或者关于作业 的特殊信息.如果缺课,你应该弄清遗漏了哪些内容,并请同班同学帮助. 5 准时意味着按时上课.迟到会分散其他学生和教师的注意力.如果迟到了,应尽量弄不出声响.有些教 师甚至不让迟到的学生进教室.准时的另一个重要方面是按时交作业.有些教师不允许迟交作业.一定要弄 清教师的要求. 远大期望 6 弄清教师对你的期望.不同教师会提出不同要求,对学生抱有不同的期望.每学期开学时,每位教师都 会告诉你他(她)的期望、要求和规定.一定要弄清楚这些.如果不懂,就要问.每学期开学时,教师会给 你一份书面教学大纲.这份大纲包括有关考勤、评分的规定和作业安排.请阅读这份大纲,并确保自己理解 其内容. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE 15 做好上课准备 7 做好课前准备.上课前要完成作业,并准备好应上交的作业.上课期间,不要做作业.吃东西、去洗手 间、打电话,打开书和笔记本、取出铅笔等一定要在上课之前完成. 课堂笔记 8 每一门课程准备一个笔记本,或者用一本笔记分类记录各门课程,这一点很重要.在大学记笔记非常重 要.而且应该将所有的笔记和课堂讲义井然有序地摆放好. Textual Reading? Cohesive Ties and Metadiscourse Knowledge 以下练习的意图是通过对语篇衔接手段(cohesive ties)和元话语(metadiscourse)的还原、以了 解和掌握衔接手段和元话语知识,进而识别句际间的逻辑关系、语篇内部衔接关系和宏观结构的能力. 以下练习涉及的衔接手段包括连接(conjunction) ;元话语包括过渡标记(transition markers)和框架 标记(frame markers) . (参见本教学参考书的 Appendix. ) Apply the Knowledge Key? for? Reference Banked Cloze: Read the following passage carefully and fill in the blanks with the proper words or phrases given in the box. Change the form where necessary. There are two extra words or phrases which you do not need to use. When you attend a university, you have to make many decisions. Among the most important is deciding where to live. Two popular options are renting a room with a family and renting an apartment on your own (1) or with a roommate. These living situations differ in many important ways including price, convenience, and amount of independence. Living with a family is very different from living on your own. (2) First of all, it is less expensive and much easier than renting an apartment. Secondly, when you live with a family, you usually eat with them, (3) so you don't have to cook for yourself. (4) In contrast, in your own apartment, you must do all the cooking. (5) Finally, living with a family, you probably wouldn't be lonely (6) because there are people to interact with. On the other hand, if you value independence, you would probably prefer to be on your own in an apartment. When you rent an apartment, you can feel free to do what you want, and when you want. No one will complain if you want to watch television in the middle of the night or eat breakfast at three in the afternoon. You may (7) also find it easier to study without any interruption. When you're deciding where to live, the differences between living in an apartment and living with a family should be considered carefully. There is no one right answer for everyone. Both living situations have advantages (8) and disadvantages. You are the only one who can decide which would suit you best. Explanations 1. 增补型连接词 or、also 和and 使语篇中句际间形成衔接关系,表示信息的添加. 16 读写译 教学参考书 ① 2. 原因型连接词 so 和because 表示原因—效果关系. . 过渡标记 in contrast 表示比较. . 框架标记 first of all 和finally 表示语篇界限和结构. Part B? Writing? Writing Knowledge? How to Fill in Forms Teaching? Procedure 1. On the board: How to Fill in Forms 2. T explains the learning objective of filling in forms. . T goes through the two examples and explains the tips of filling in forms to Ss. Language You Can Use Teaching? Procedure 1. T explains the usage of capitalization to Ss. 2. T gives Ss more examples, or has Ss brainstorm more examples. Let's Write Teaching? Procedure 1. On the board: Forms 2. T explains the objective of this writing assignment to Ss. . T gives Ss five minutes to complete the task. Writing Strategy? Use Graphic Organizers to Clarify and Organize Your Ideas Optional Activity 1. T divides the Ss into several groups. Each group applies the strategy in the following steps: 1) Choose a topic (i.e. the central idea) for their own group. 2) Group members brainstorm ideas, examples, etc. that are relevant to the topic (central idea); discuss the relationships among them; organize the ideas and examples in a logical order. ) Each group presents their work to the whole class. 2. T makes comments on Ss' presentation. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE 17 Part C? Translation? Translation knowledge? Translation in English Learning Let's Translate I. English–Chinese Translation Read the following joke and try to translate the English words into Chinese. 一个在美国上学的外国留学生坐在窗前看书,突然听见有人喊"Look out !" ,于是她赶紧探 头看过去.上面掉下一块板子,差点儿砸着她.她又生气,又害怕,抬头一看,见一个人在修屋顶. 那人问她:Didn't you hear me call "look out? " 她回答说:Yes, and that's what I did. II. Chinese–English Translation Point out the mistakes in the following Chinese–English translations and try to correct them. 1. 禁止拍照! *Forbid photograph! 2. 欢迎再来! *Welcome again! . 请关闭计算机.*Please close the computer. Key for Reference I. English–Chinese Translation Look out 的字面意思是"向外望 " ,此处为"注意、当心、留神"之意. Didn't you hear me call "look out?" 你刚才没有听见我喊"look out"吗? Yes, and that's what I did. 听见了,所以我才那样做呀. 【注释】这一笑话生动地说明英语学习不可死抠字眼.一些十分简单的英语词语,一经组合搭配, 就失去了原本的含义.Look out!字面意思为"向外看",而此处的实际意思却是"注意、 当心、留神".需要提醒学生的是,翻译时 Look out 二字只可抄写(加注释),不可硬 译,否则就丢失了原文的笑点. II. Chinese–English Translation 1. No Photos! 【注释】 "禁止拍照"之类严禁的口吻一般用 No + n. 结构;如:No Smoking(禁止吸烟) ;No Visiting(谢绝参观)等. 2. Please come again. 【注释】Welcome again 的意思是"再次表示欢迎" ,与"欢迎再来"完全是两码事. . Please turn the computer off. 【注释】汉语的"开"和"关"视情况可译作 open/close 或turn on/turn off ; "关闭计算机"属于 电源的关闭,所以用 turn off. 18 读写译 教学参考书 ① Part D? Supplementary Activities? Academic Power Strategy? Make a Study Plan Teaching? Procedure 1. T explains to Ss how to make a study plan. 2. T gives Ss time to make their own study schedule by using the chart provided in the Student's Book. Key for Reference Use the chart below to make your own study schedule. (Open.) English Corner: Talk about Chinese Culture? ? 中? 国? 龙 对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年.中国龙是 古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而 成的一种神物.中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步. 在中国人的心目中,龙具有振奋腾飞、开拓变化的寓意和团结 凝聚的精神. Chinese Dragon Dragon totem worship in China has been around for the last 8,000 years. The ancients in China considered the dragon (or loong) a fetish that combines animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation. To the Chinese, the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion. Unit Checkpoint? ? Teaching? Procedure 1. Make Ss to finish the Unit Checkpoint online. 2. Check the score of Unit Checkpoint of each S, and make comments before going to the next unit.
下载该文档
文档格式：PDF
更新时间：2014-04-26
下载次数：0
点击次数：1
UNIT 1 College Life Teaching Objectives? In this unit, the teacher will help students learn how to: preview a text to understand it better. organize an article on the topic "College Life." fill in forms. translate a specific word in light of context. make a study plan. talk about"中国龙"in English. Part A? Reading? Language Learning Strategy? Preview a Text to Understand It Better Strategy Teaching? Procedure First, T explains how the word preview is formed to help Ss understand its meaning.The word preview is formed by adding the prefix pre- which means "before; in advance" to the word view, which means "examine; look at thoroughly." Second, T may have a S read the section entitled "Preview a Text to Understand It Better" aloud so that Ss can get the general idea of the paragraph. Third, T introduces the common ways of previewing: look at the title of the article. look at all the headings, subheadings and marked, italic or dark print. look at any pictures or illustrations, charts or graphs. read the first and last paragraphs, and skim over the passage. glance at the first sentence of every other paragraph. Apply the Strategy Teaching? Procedure Give Ss three minutes to work in pairs to answer the questions. Then check whether Ss get 读写译 教学参考书 ① the correct answers from the text. Key? for? Reference Preview Reading 1 of this unit and talk with your classmates about these questions. 1)What is the passage about? It is about Harvard University's habits for success. 2)What have researchers at Harvard University found out? They have found out what contributed both to Harvard University students' academic success and their feeling of satisfaction. )What is the third paragraph about? It is about how the researchers got their information. )How many tips on academic success are mentioned in Reading 1? Four. Language for Reference? The following words or terms are closely related to the topic of "College Life," and may help students familiarize themselves with the topic quickly. academic year 学年 freshman, sophomore, junior and senior 大学 一年级、二年级、三年级、四年级学生 credit 学分 required courses 必修课程 optional courses 选修课程 major 专业 course requirement 课程要求 class interaction 课堂互动 online study 在线学习 paper 论文 dissertation 学位论文 presentation 针对某一专题 进行的发言 seminar(大学教师带领学生作 专题讨论的)研讨班 lecture 讲课 scholarship 奖学金 clubs or associations 社团 extracurricular activities 课外活动 part-time job 兼职工作 live on/off campus 住在校园内/外international students 国际学生 assessment 评估 Reading 1? Before You Read Teaching? Procedure 1. T gives Ss five minutes to discuss the questions in Exercise 1. 2. T directs Ss to do Exercise 2 in pairs. Have them take turns with their partner, asking for and giving the meaning of a word. Ask them to use the pattern"What does mean?"Check the answer after they cover all the words. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE Key? for? Reference 1. Discuss the following questions with your partner. 1) How much do you know about Harvard University? (See Background Information.) 2) What do you think you should do in order to achieve success in college? broaden the scope of knowledge; develop good interpersonal relations with fellow students and teachers; build up a positive outlook and attitude towards life; discover one's potential and then make great efforts to bring it into full play; ... 2. Try to match the word in the left column with its meaning in the right column and then check the answers against the reading. (See Student's Book.) Now You Read Teaching? Procedure 1. T instructs Ss to apply the reading strategies of (1) skimming, (2) reading (at their own pace), and () reading for details when they read the text "Harvard University's Habits for Success". 2. Apply the strategy of skimming: Ask Ss to read the first paragraph, the first sentences of the other paragraphs and the last paragraph. Look for names, dates, and numbers. Give them one minute to skim the text. . Apply the strategy of reading (at their own pace): Ask Ss to read the entire text at their own pace and pay attention to main points while reading. Give them sufficient time to read the text. . Apply the strategy of reading for details: Ask Ss to read the text again and try to notice as many details as possible. Give them sufficient time to read the text. Background? Information 1 Harvard University Harvard University, which was established in 166, is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. Most of Harvard University's campuses are located in Cambridge and Boston, Massachusetts, on the eastern coast of the United States of America. Seven presidents of the United States-John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Theodore and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Rutherford B. Hayes, John Fitzgerald Kennedy and George W. Bush-were graduates of Harvard. Harvard University has produced more than 0 Nobel laureates. Drew Faust is currently the female president of Harvard University, who inaugurated on October 12, 2007. 2 Boston Boston, the capital city of Massachusetts, is located in the eastern part of the state on Boston Harbor. Boston is the largest and most in?uential city in the six-state New England region. It was one of the earliest major U.S. cities to be settled by Europeans(162)and the largest city in the British American colonies. The American Revolution(177-178)began in the Boston area. At the end of the 20th century, Boston was the focus of economic activity, communications, and transportation in New England and was one of the major centers of higher education in the United States. The city is scenically located along the waters of the Charles River and Boston Harbor. It has a compact city center, which is dotted with sites of historic interest dating to colonial times. 读写译 教学参考书 ① 3 Massachusetts One of the six New England states, and one of the first 1 states in the Union(it entered in 1788), Massachusetts is known as the"Old Colony State." The Pilgrims established their settlement at Plymouth in 1620, arriving on the Mayflower. They were followed shortly by the Puritans, who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Puritans named their colony after a local Indian tribe whose name means"a large hill place. " The birthplace of many of the ideals of the American Revolution, Massachusetts attracted people who believed in self-government. It's appropriate that the state ?ower is the may?ower, also known as the trailing arbutus. Outline? of? the? Text Part 1: (Paras. 1–) The Introduction: Researchers at Harvard University interviewed students to find out what contributed to their academic success and their feeling of satisfaction.The findings led to the changes in the university's policies. Part 2: (Para. ) A few tips from Harvard University's habits for success. Tip 1: Get to know your professor. Tip 2: Study in groups. Tip : Allow enough time to do a good job. Tip : Join an activity. Part : (Para. ) The conclusion: Make time to work hard and leave time to play hard, you will succeed in your studies. Language? Study 1 Many different types of self-help books advise the reader to develop the skills, goals, and attitudes that will both promote success and provide for a healthy lifestyle. (Para. 1) Paraphrase: Through self-help books, a reader can learn how to become successful and prepare for a healthy way of living by developing the skills, goals and attitudes. promote? v. 1)to help in the growth or development of 促进,推动,增进 Milk promotes health. 2)to give (someone) a higher position or rank 提升,晋升(某人) The young army officer was promoted to (the rank of) captain. ) to bring (goods) to public notice in order to encourage people to buy 推销(货物) a big advertising campaign to promote new toothpaste 2 provide for (Para. 1) 1)to make the necessary future arrangements for 为……做好准备 The plans provide for road traffic increasing to twice its present volume. 2)to support; to supply with the things necessary for life 供养,抚养 He has five children to provide for. provide sb. with sth. (sb.) / provide sth. for sb. 提供;为(某人)配备 The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service for its residents. 3 contribute to (Para. 1) 1)to help in causing a situation, event, or condition 起促成作用 This advertising campaign has contributed significantly to the success of the new car. 2)to join with others in giving (money, help, etc.) 捐献;捐助;贡献出;出一份钱;出一份力 I contributed (a pound) to/towards Jane's leaving present. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE )to write and send (a written article) to a magazine, newspaper, etc.(给杂志、报纸等)撰稿,投稿 She regularly contributes to the college magazine. make a contribution to sth. 对……做出贡献 He has made an important contribution to the company's success. 4 This helps a student to feel connected to the school. (Para. 4) "This"here refers to"Get to know at least one of these professors and have them get to know you." Par aphrase: Getting to know at least one of the professors who are going to give you classes each semester and having them get to know you as well will help you feel like you are part of the school. 5 specific? a. (Para. 4) 1)detailed and exact; clear in meaning or explanation 明确的,确切的,详尽的 She gave us very specific instructions. 2)particular; fixed, determined, or named 具体的,特有的,特定的 There is a specific tool for each job. )limited to; found only in 仅限于……的,只发现于……的This disease is specific to horses. 6 effective? a.(Para. 4) 1)producing the desired result 产生预期效果的,有效的 The ads were simple, but remarkably effective. 2)in operation 生效的,起作用的 When does the new system become effective ? 7 Very few students are aware of this need for uninterrupted study time.(Para. 4) Paraphrase: Not many students realize that it is necessary for them to arrange time for continuous study. be aware of / that: having knowledge or understanding 意识到,知道,明白 He said that the government was acutely(= very)aware of the problem. be unaware of / that: not having knowledge or consciousness 没有意识到,不知道,不明白 He was completely unaware that he was being watched. 8 Students who got involved in an activity—even in a small way—felt more positive about their education. (Para. 4) Paraphrase: Students who joined an activity, even in which they didn't play an important role, felt more confident about their education. be / get involved in: taking part in sth.; being part of sth. or connected with sth. 参与,介入 If I were you,I wouldn't get involved in their problems. involve sb.(in sth./in doing sth.): to make sb. take part in sth.(使)参加,加入 Parents should involve themselves in their children's education. involvement: the act of taking part in sth. The police are investigating his possible involvement in the crime. 9 positive? a. (Para. 4) 1)thinking about what is good in a situation; feeling confident and hopeful 乐观的,自信的 a positive attitude to life 2) (of a person)completely sure that sth. is correct or true 确信的,有把握的 I can't be positive about what time it happened. 读写译 教学参考书 ① )expressing agreement or support 同意的,支持的 We've had a very positive response to the idea. 10 keep to sth. (Para. 5) 1)to do what you have promised or agreed to do 遵守,履行 Let's keep to the original plan. 2) to follow closely or limit oneself to 使不偏离,使局限于 Don't raise irrelevant matters, we must keep to the subject. After You Read Key? for? Reference I. Comprehension of the Text 1. Fill in the blanks to complete the main ideas according to the text you've just read. Part Para(s). Main? Ideas 1 1– Introduction: Researchers at Harvard University interviewed students to find out what contributed to their academic success and their feeling of satisfaction.The finding led to the changes to the university's policies. Para. 1: the research on the factors contri- buting to students' academic success and their feeling of satisfaction Para. 2: the in?uence of the finding on the university's policies Para. : the ways in which the researchers got the information 2 a few tips from Harvard University's habits for success Tip 1: Get to know your professor. Tip 2: Study in groups. Tip : Allow enough time to do a good job. Tip : Join an activity. Conclusion: Make time to work hard and leave time to play hard, and you will succeed in your studies. 2. Work in groups and decide whether the following statements are true (T.) or false (F.) based on the text you've just read. 1) Researchers at Harvard University interviewed a lot of students and got the answer to what led to their academic success and their feeling of satisfaction. (T.)(此句与第一段最后一句表述一致. ) 2) In order to get information, the researchers asked the students a lot of questions about the quality of teaching, the teaching method they like, their feeling about what they were learning, and so on. (F.)(见 第三段,文中不曾提到 the teaching method they like, 故而判断该表述有误. ) ) The research showed that those students who tried to get to know some of their professors and asked them for advice about the subjects they studied finally improved their grades. (T.)(见第四段中所陈述 的第一条建议,此句表述与文中内容相符. ) UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE ) At Harvard University, those students who studied for two or three hours without interruptions were more successful than those who only studied for twenty or thirty minutes at a time. (T.)(见第四段中所 陈述的第三条建议,此句表述与文中内容相符. ) ) Students were encouraged to join a club or a team. However, their participation in activities did not necessarily make them feel more confident in their studies. (F.)(见第四段中所陈述的第四条建议, 上半句内容与原文相符,下半句与原文最后一句相悖,故而判断该表述有误. ) II. Reciting? Listen to the recording of the following paragraphs and mark the words or phrases with for a rising tone, for a falling tone, I for a sense group.Then practice the reading until you can recite it. Doing homework is important ↑ | but it's not always enough. ↑ | In order to really understand the ideas, ↑ | it's better to meet with a small group of two ↑ or three students after you study. ↑ | Complete the assignments with them. ↑ | Those students who did this | understood the information better. ↑ | They felt more connected to the class, ↑ | and participated more in their classes. ↑ | You can manage your time ↑ | so that you will be successful in your studies. ↑ | And, ↑ | if you make a schedule and keep to it, ↑ | you can have fun ↑ | and enjoy yourself with the students in your classes. ↑ | When you make time to work hard ↑ | and leave time to play hard, ↑ | you will succeed. ↑ | III. Vocabulary & Structure? 1. Complete the sentences below with the proper words chosen from the box. Change the form where necessary. 1) Companies spend a lot of money in advertising because it can promote the sales of products. 2) The successful artist showed a talent for singing and dancing when she was in kindergarten. ) It has been proved that these new drugs are effective in treating lung cancer. ) The director's serious mistake made all the staff get involved in working extra hours. ) I believe that honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness. 6) David started to feel more positive about his future after his dream of becoming a college student had turned into a reality. 2. Replace the underlined parts in the following sentences with words or expressions from the text that best keep the original meaning. Change the form where necessary. 1) His lifestyle is not healthy: eating and smoking more while sleeping less. 2) You can surf the Internet to get many useful tips on how to lose weight. ) Although most smokers are aware of the dangers of smoking, they wouldn't give it up. ) More and more women from China and many other countries participate in a growing number of sports in the Olympic Games. IV. Translation? 1. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese given in brackets into English. 1) Ask specific questions (问一些具体问题)about what you need to do to improve. (specific) 2) If you make a schedule and keep to it(如果你制订一个计划并照此执行), you can have fun and enjoy yourself with the students in your classes. (keep to sth.) ) Even students without special talents can help out in a sports club by helping the team coach(可以在 体育俱乐部里给教练打下手). (help out) 读写译 教学参考书 ① ) When you make time to work hard and leave time to play hard(留够时间,学个彻底,玩个痛快), you will succeed. (make time to do sth.) 2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, and pay attention to the underlined parts. 1) Many different types of self-help books advise the reader to develop the skills, goals, and attitudes that will both promote success and provide for a healthy lifestyle. 种类繁多的自助书籍会给读者提出建议, 帮助读者培养一定的技能、 目标和态度, 以期获得成功, 并拥有一种健康的生活方式. 2) Get to know at least one of these professors and have them get to know you. This helps a student to feel connected to the school. 至少要熟悉其中一位教师并且也要让教师认识你,这样会使你感到你和学校联系在一起. ) Those students who succeeded studied for two to three hours without interruptions. 学习好的学生可以不间断地学习两到三个小时. V. Writing Complete the following chart about differences between high school life and college life. There are many differences between high school life and college life. Fill in the following chart to see how different they are. One of the differences has been written for you. Differences In High School In College Time for class My schedule was almost full on weekdays. It was routine for me to attend classes, do exercises, or take tests every other day. And in the last term of my high school, I even spent six and a half days at school, preparing for my college entrance exam. I had no classes in the evening. I do not have a full schedule every day. I have one morning and two afternoons to myself. Most of my classes are in the morning and I take one elective course on Monday evenings. Study methods I took lots of notes in class and I read through the textbooks and did a lot of homework after school. I hardly had time to learn anything independently. I have discussions with my teachers and classmates. Although I do not have much homework from the teachers, I often do my revisions in the library. After-class activities I had little time for after-class activities. I played table tennis occasionally. I have a lot of time for my own plans. I take part in a great variety of after-class activities, such as sports, games, singing and dancing, as well as some volunteer work. I even have a part-time job. Interpersonal relationships I only had contact with a few people in school. They were mainly my classmates and the teachers. I seldom talked with students from other classes. I make friends with students of different majors during the after-class activities. In my part-time job, I get to come in contact with a lot of people. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE Comment The strength of this sample writing lies in the handling of the topic where it breaks up the "difference" into smaller specific sections, such as the students' schedules, learning methods, extra-curricular activities, and relationships. It then focuses on each item and expands it into a paragraph. Chinese Translation? 哈佛学子的成功之道 1? ? 种类繁多的自助书籍会给读者提出建议,帮助读者培养一定的技能、目标和态度,以期获得成功,并拥有一 种健康的生活方式.如今,在采访了1 600名大学生后,马萨诸塞州波士顿市哈佛大学的研究者们找到了促成哈 佛学子学业成功、让他们产生满足感的因素. 2 他们的重要发现让哈佛大学做出了改变其策略的决定,这些变化包括:给学生布置更多的小组作业以及在下 午安排课程.目的是为了鼓励学生吃晚餐时可以继续讨论他们的课程. 3 研究者们是如何获得所需信息的呢?首先,他们提出很多问题.这些问题涉及学生的课余活动、教学质量和 指导质量等方方面面.研究者们通过探索规律找出某些课程有用的原因.他们询问学生的感受——对自己所学的 东西是否感到高兴、满意或兴奋,然后把得到的答案与学生们在学业方面的成功进行比较.这些问题旨在找出是 什么让学生高兴,又是什么在帮助他们学习. 4 以下是他们通过调查研究所提出的一些建议: 了解任课教师.学生每个学期都要听四到五个教师的课.至少要熟悉其中一位教师并且也要让教师认识你, 这样会使你感到和学校联系在一起.另一个重要的忠告是:向任课教师请教有关课程学习的建议.问一些有关你要 做什么才能进步的具体问题.例如,像 "怎样才能使我第一段的论证更有效?"这样的问题能让你获得所需的建 议.研究表明,大多数寻求帮助的学生提高了成绩,而那些没有寻求帮助的学生则成绩欠佳或不及格. 分小组学习.做家庭作业很重要,但仅仅如此是不够的.为了真正理解学习内容,在学习之余最好和两三 个同学组成学习小组,共同完成作业.能这样做的同学会更好地理解学习内容.他们会觉得与课堂的联系更紧 密,从而更积极地参与课堂学习. 留出足够的时间去做好一件事情.在哈佛大学里,学习好的学生比学习差的学生在学习上花的时间更多.学 习好的学生可以不间断地学习两到三个小时,而学习不太好的学生一次只学习二三十分钟,往往在一天的某些特定 时段学习,如晚餐前或体育运动后.几乎没有多少学生能意识到拥有不间断学习时间的必要性. 参加一项活动.你也许认识不到加入一个俱乐部或加入一个团队的重要性,但这一点恰恰是很重要的.并 非只有优秀的运动员才能加入体育俱乐部.没有运动天赋的学生可以在体育俱乐部里给教练打下手,尽自己的一 份力,比如在比赛或训练期间给队员准备水瓶或切好橙子给他们吃.学生只要参加一项活动,哪怕参与的方式微 不足道,他们也会以更积极的心态面对自己的学业. 5? ? 安排好你的时间,这可以帮助你在学习上取得成功;如果你制订一个计划并照此执行,你就能从中获得乐趣 并与班上同学相处愉快.留够时间,学个彻底,玩个痛快,你就会成功.照此建议去做,你便能感受到成功带来 的快乐. 10 读写译 教学参考书 ① Tuning In? Studying at Cambridge Teaching Procedure 1. Before watching the video "Studying at Cambridge," ask Ss to share their knowledge about "famous universities" in small groups. 2. Play the video for the first time and ask Ss to check with a partner the answers in the Exercise 1. . Play the video for the second time and ask individual students to give their answers. . After watching the video clip, encourage Ss to imitate the two students in the video to introduce themselves. Ask Ss to share each other's expectations of college life, or ask Ss to compare studying at Cambridge with studying at their own universities. . Replay the video if necessary. Summary of the Video The University of Cambridge, one of the most renowned universities in the world, attracts many students from all over the world. Many high school students dream of studying there. Two prospective Cambridge undergraduates talk about their expectations of college life at Cambridge. And the basic information of Cambridge is brie?y introduced as well. Transcript ? Voic e-over: Cambridge is Britain's second oldest university after Oxford. It's actually made up of thirty-one separate colleges, all of which have their own unique character. At Cambridge the teaching is a mixture of lectures and tutorials, where small groups of between one to three students meet with a member of the teaching staff, which means that students get a lot of individual attention. Cambridge has an excellent academic reputation, and many students dream of studying here. Here are two of them... Caro line: My name is Caroline Rothschild. I'm 17 years old and I'm studying at Boston Spa IV Form in Leeds1 . I'm studying English Literature, Psychology, German and Biology. Char lotte: My name's Charlotte Backshall and I'm from Kent2 and I'm coming here today to look at all the colleges'cause I'm interested in doing architecture. So I'm just having a look around–lovely location, lovely weather, so I just gonna have a look and see which ones we like really. Caro line: Today I'm in Cambridge because I want to come to university here. Hopefully I'll be accepted into Newnham College which is an all-girls college. I'm hoping to study English Literature but it's one of the hardest courses to get into. So yeah, I'll have to do a lot of work. Char lotte: So far, I've looked at Pembroke and I've also looked at Trinity Hall this morning and we've looked at the libraries and the grounds and spoken to a few teachers who work there so it's very lovely, I'm very impressed so far. Caroline: There's one place for every five people who apply. So it is very hard to get into. Leeds is a city in northern England and a center of the clothing industry. Kent is a county in southeastern England on the English Channel. Newnham College is one of the 31 colleges of the University of Cambridge, and it is the only undergraduate college with an all-women Fellowship. Pembroke was founded in 1347 and is one of the oldest colleges with the University of Cambridge. Trinity Hall was founded by Henry VIII in 1546 as part of the University of Cambridge. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE 11 Char lotte: So basically the application procedure for Cambridge is that, first, you choose your course and, um, you decide which college you'd like to go to, and then you make a personal statement and sometimes you have to take tests, and then you apply to the college and they'll interview you and then if you, you might get a place, then, um, about January time. And then if you don't, then they can put you in something called a pool where other colleges can look at you, and then it's whether you get accepted or you don't really. Caro line: Um, my family hope that I'll get in and my teachers at school also think that I'll get in. So... I'm quite excited. Note ? tutorial [tju:'tR:rIEl] n. a period of teaching and discussion with a tutor 导师的个别指导 Key for Reference ? 1. Watch the video and fill in the blanks with the exact words you have heard. ?? Cambridge is Britain's second oldest university after Oxford. It's actually made up of (1) thirty-one separate colleges, all of which have their own unique character. At Cambridge the teaching is a mixture of lectures and tutorials, where small groups of between one to three students meet with a member of the teaching staff, which means that students get a lot of (2) individual attention. Cambridge has an excellent () academic reputation, and many students dream of studying here. 2. Watch the video and discuss the following questions with your classmates. 1) Why is Charlotte Backshall in Cambridge today? She is there to look at all the colleges and to see which one she likes best. She wants to study architect- ure at one of the colleges. 2) What does Caroline Rothschild hope to study at Newnham College? She hopes to study English Literature there. Reading 2? Before You Read T asks Ss to read just the first paragraph of the passage "Rules in the College Classroom" and helps Ss predict what the passage will be about. When Ss have finished making their predictions about the passage, T asks them to begin reading. Now You Read Teaching? Procedure 1. T instructs Ss to apply the reading strategies of (1) skimming, (2) reading (at their own pace), and () reading for details when they read the text "Rules in the College Classroom." 2. Apply the strategy of skimming: Ask Ss to read the first paragraph, the subtitles and the first seutences of the other paragraphs. Give them one minute to skim the text. . Apply the strategy of reading (at their own pace): Ask Ss to read the entire text at their own pace and pay attention to main points while reading. Give them sufficient time to read the text. . Apply the strategy of reading for details: Ask Ss to read the text again and try to notice as many details as 12 读写译 教学参考书 ① possible. Give them sufficient time to read the text. Optional? Activity:? Speed? Reading? Competition Have Ss stand. Tell Ss that they are going to compete to be the fastest reader in class. When a S has finished reading, he or she will sit down. Some Ss may get very excited during the activity, so remind them to be careful when sitting down so that they won't have any accidents. Give Ss a countdown: , , , 2, 1. Start! To make the contest more exciting, have Ss compete to read a paragraph or a sentence as quickly as possible, either silently or aloud. Background? Information Grading Policy In the United States, schools, colleges and universities commonly use letters to grade students' assignments and tests: A(excellent), B(good), C(average), D(below average or pass), and E(fail). To qualify for a degree, an undergraduate must have completed the relevant courses with an average grade of C or above; a graduate student must have the average grade of B or above. Language Study 1 punctual? a. (Para. 2) not late; happening, doing something, etc., at the exact time 准时的,守时的 She's never punctual for appointments so you can expect to be kept waiting. 2 attend? v. (Para. 2) 1)to be present at an event 参加,出席,到场 Please let us know if you are unable to attend. 2)to go regularly to a place 经常去,定期去(某处) Our children attend the same school. attend to sb./sth.: to deal with sb./sth.; to take care of sb./sth. 处理;对付;照料;关怀 I have some urgent business to attend to. (BrE, fml) Are you being attended to, Sir? (for example, in a shop) 3 considerate? a. (Para. 2) always thinking of other people's wishes and feelings; careful not to hurt or upset others 关心的,体贴的;替人着想的,考虑周到的 It was very considerate of you to let us know you were going to be late. considerable a. a large number of 相当的,大量的 A considerable number of people object to the government's attitude to immigration. 4 make sure (+ to do sth./ that ...) (Para.3) 1)to find out if sth. is true or to check that sth. has been done 查明,弄清楚 Did you lock the front door?—I think so, but I'd better make sure. 2)to do sth. in order to be certain that sth. else happens 确保;设法保证 We will do our best to make sure you enjoy your visit. 5 distract? v. (Para. 5) to take (a person's attention) off something, especially for a short time 分散注意力,干扰 She was distracted (from her work) by the noise outside. 6 expect of (sb.) (Para. 6) to think naturally that sb. can do better(理所当然地)期望 Don't be too hard on your son. You are expecting too much of him. 7 due? a. (Para. 7) 1)expected to arrive or happen at a particular time 预期的,应到的 UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE 13 His new novel is due to be published next month. 2)owed or owing as a debt or a right(债务、权利等)欠下的,应给的;应归于的,应得的 Our thanks are due to the whole team. After You Read Key? for? Reference I. Comprehension of the Text Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements. 1) Students should understand the rules of the college classroom because, in this way, C) they may become successful in their studies. (根据课文第 1 段最后一句"Understanding the rules of the classroom will help you be a successful student."可知 C) 选项正确. ) 2) According to the second paragraph, the responsibilities of a student involve the following EXCEPT B) attending class now and then. (课文第 2 段中,从"you should be prepared for class, "可知 D) 选项正确;从"you should be punctual, " 可知 A) 选项正确;从"you should be courteous, "可知 C) 选项正确;B) 选项在文中没 有提到. ) ) In the second sentence of the fourth paragraph, "you may be dropped" means D) you may be expelled from this college. (从课文第 段得知,考勤对学生很重要,在有些学校学生如果不去上课就会被开除,这里的 drop 意为 stop,drop out,因此 D) 为正确选项. ) ) At the beginning of the semester, your instructor will give you a written syllabus so that D) you may know what your instructor expects of you during the semester. (文章第 6 段涉及的课堂规则是"Great Expectations, "第一句"Know what your instructors expect of you."为段首主题句.教师给学生发放课程大纲就是要让学生了解教师对他们的要求,因而 D) 选 项正确.A) 选项不是教师发放课程大纲的原因,为错误选项;B) 选项中的"classroom courtesy" 在本段没有提到,为错误选项;C) 选项与段首主题句相悖,为错误选项. ) II. Vocabulary ?? Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). 1) Because of longer working hours, David decided to A) hand in his resignation even though the pay was good. 2) We will meet at nine tomorrow morning at the school gate. Be C) punctual , or the school bus will leave without those who are late. ) The workers in the factory hope that, at the meeting which is A) due to be held next week, an agreement can be reached between their representatives and their boss over increasing wages and improving working conditions. ) As Kate's close friend, I introduce an interesting book to her in order to B) distract her from what she is worrying about. ) After a long period of training, the athletes D) are prepared for the sports games to be held next week. 6) The mother was angry to see her favorite glass broken into pieces, and what made her much angrier was 14 读写译 教学参考书 ① that none of her three kids was willing to take the C) responsibility. 7) The young man works very hard, for he knows that all his family A) expect success of him. 8) It was very B) considerate of you to turn off the TV when I was working on my report. 9) Since the speaker was a famous researcher in this field, many students D) attended his lecture yesterday evening. 10) As soon as the postman left, the boy B) unpacked the box to see what his uncle had sent him for his 18th birthday. III. Putting It All Together (Open.) IV. Dictation? Complete the exercise with the CD-ROM online. What are your responsibilities as a student in a college classroom? First, you should be prepared for class. Read your assignments and finish your homework before coming to class. Next, you should be punctual and attend class regularly. Finally, you should be courteous and considerate. Don't talk, chew gum, or eat in class. Don't walk around or leave the class before asking the instructor. Chinese Translation? 大学课堂守则 1? ? 大多数学校都有课堂守则,大学也不例外.尽管大学课堂守则与中学的不同,但仍然不可或缺.了解这 些课堂守则能有助你成为一名成功的学生. 2 作为一名大学生,你应该遵守哪些课堂守则?首先,应做好上课的准备,弄清楚上次课上老师布置的学 业任务,课前完成作业.其次,应按时上课,不得缺勤.最后,应有礼貌,并为他人着想.上课时不得交头 接耳、嚼口香糖或吃东西;未征得教师同意,不得在课堂上四处走动,或者擅自离开教室. 3 针对下列事项,不同教师会制定不同的规定.一定要了解你的教师的规定. 出勤和准时 4 大多数大学都有学生出勤方面的规定.在有些大学里,缺课可能会被开除,所以,应该向教师询问这方 面的规定.缺课的后果会很严重,你可能会漏掉一份作业、一次小测验、一次对考试的讲评,或者关于作业 的特殊信息.如果缺课,你应该弄清遗漏了哪些内容,并请同班同学帮助. 5 准时意味着按时上课.迟到会分散其他学生和教师的注意力.如果迟到了,应尽量弄不出声响.有些教 师甚至不让迟到的学生进教室.准时的另一个重要方面是按时交作业.有些教师不允许迟交作业.一定要弄 清教师的要求. 远大期望 6 弄清教师对你的期望.不同教师会提出不同要求,对学生抱有不同的期望.每学期开学时,每位教师都 会告诉你他(她)的期望、要求和规定.一定要弄清楚这些.如果不懂,就要问.每学期开学时,教师会给 你一份书面教学大纲.这份大纲包括有关考勤、评分的规定和作业安排.请阅读这份大纲,并确保自己理解 其内容. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE 15 做好上课准备 7 做好课前准备.上课前要完成作业,并准备好应上交的作业.上课期间,不要做作业.吃东西、去洗手 间、打电话,打开书和笔记本、取出铅笔等一定要在上课之前完成. 课堂笔记 8 每一门课程准备一个笔记本,或者用一本笔记分类记录各门课程,这一点很重要.在大学记笔记非常重 要.而且应该将所有的笔记和课堂讲义井然有序地摆放好. Textual Reading? Cohesive Ties and Metadiscourse Knowledge 以下练习的意图是通过对语篇衔接手段(cohesive ties)和元话语(metadiscourse)的还原、以了 解和掌握衔接手段和元话语知识,进而识别句际间的逻辑关系、语篇内部衔接关系和宏观结构的能力. 以下练习涉及的衔接手段包括连接(conjunction) ;元话语包括过渡标记(transition markers)和框架 标记(frame markers) . (参见本教学参考书的 Appendix. ) Apply the Knowledge Key? for? Reference Banked Cloze: Read the following passage carefully and fill in the blanks with the proper words or phrases given in the box. Change the form where necessary. There are two extra words or phrases which you do not need to use. When you attend a university, you have to make many decisions. Among the most important is deciding where to live. Two popular options are renting a room with a family and renting an apartment on your own (1) or with a roommate. These living situations differ in many important ways including price, convenience, and amount of independence. Living with a family is very different from living on your own. (2) First of all, it is less expensive and much easier than renting an apartment. Secondly, when you live with a family, you usually eat with them, (3) so you don't have to cook for yourself. (4) In contrast, in your own apartment, you must do all the cooking. (5) Finally, living with a family, you probably wouldn't be lonely (6) because there are people to interact with. On the other hand, if you value independence, you would probably prefer to be on your own in an apartment. When you rent an apartment, you can feel free to do what you want, and when you want. No one will complain if you want to watch television in the middle of the night or eat breakfast at three in the afternoon. You may (7) also find it easier to study without any interruption. When you're deciding where to live, the differences between living in an apartment and living with a family should be considered carefully. There is no one right answer for everyone. Both living situations have advantages (8) and disadvantages. You are the only one who can decide which would suit you best. Explanations 1. 增补型连接词 or、also 和and 使语篇中句际间形成衔接关系,表示信息的添加. 16 读写译 教学参考书 ① 2. 原因型连接词 so 和because 表示原因—效果关系. . 过渡标记 in contrast 表示比较. . 框架标记 first of all 和finally 表示语篇界限和结构. Part B? Writing? Writing Knowledge? How to Fill in Forms Teaching? Procedure 1. On the board: How to Fill in Forms 2. T explains the learning objective of filling in forms. . T goes through the two examples and explains the tips of filling in forms to Ss. Language You Can Use Teaching? Procedure 1. T explains the usage of capitalization to Ss. 2. T gives Ss more examples, or has Ss brainstorm more examples. Let's Write Teaching? Procedure 1. On the board: Forms 2. T explains the objective of this writing assignment to Ss. . T gives Ss five minutes to complete the task. Writing Strategy? Use Graphic Organizers to Clarify and Organize Your Ideas Optional Activity 1. T divides the Ss into several groups. Each group applies the strategy in the following steps: 1) Choose a topic (i.e. the central idea) for their own group. 2) Group members brainstorm ideas, examples, etc. that are relevant to the topic (central idea); discuss the relationships among them; organize the ideas and examples in a logical order. ) Each group presents their work to the whole class. 2. T makes comments on Ss' presentation. UNIT 1? COLLEGE LIFE 17 Part C? Translation? Translation knowledge? Translation in English Learning Let's Translate I. English–Chinese Translation Read the following joke and try to translate the English words into Chinese. 一个在美国上学的外国留学生坐在窗前看书,突然听见有人喊"Look out !" ,于是她赶紧探 头看过去.上面掉下一块板子,差点儿砸着她.她又生气,又害怕,抬头一看,见一个人在修屋顶. 那人问她:Didn't you hear me call "look out? " 她回答说:Yes, and that's what I did. II. Chinese–English Translation Point out the mistakes in the following Chinese–English translations and try to correct them. 1. 禁止拍照! *Forbid photograph! 2. 欢迎再来! *Welcome again! . 请关闭计算机.*Please close the computer. Key for Reference I. English–Chinese Translation Look out 的字面意思是"向外望 " ,此处为"注意、当心、留神"之意. Didn't you hear me call "look out?" 你刚才没有听见我喊"look out"吗? Yes, and that's what I did. 听见了,所以我才那样做呀. 【注释】这一笑话生动地说明英语学习不可死抠字眼.一些十分简单的英语词语,一经组合搭配, 就失去了原本的含义.Look out!字面意思为"向外看",而此处的实际意思却是"注意、 当心、留神".需要提醒学生的是,翻译时 Look out 二字只可抄写(加注释),不可硬 译,否则就丢失了原文的笑点. II. Chinese–English Translation 1. No Photos! 【注释】 "禁止拍照"之类严禁的口吻一般用 No + n. 结构;如:No Smoking(禁止吸烟) ;No Visiting(谢绝参观)等. 2. Please come again. 【注释】Welcome again 的意思是"再次表示欢迎" ,与"欢迎再来"完全是两码事. . Please turn the computer off. 【注释】汉语的"开"和"关"视情况可译作 open/close 或turn on/turn off ; "关闭计算机"属于 电源的关闭,所以用 turn off. 18 读写译 教学参考书 ① Part D? Supplementary Activities? Academic Power Strategy? Make a Study Plan Teaching? Procedure 1. T explains to Ss how to make a study plan. 2. T gives Ss time to make their own study schedule by using the chart provided in the Student's Book. Key for Reference Use the chart below to make your own study schedule. (Open.) English Corner: Talk about Chinese Culture? ? 中? 国? 龙 对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年.中国龙是 古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而 成的一种神物.中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步. 在中国人的心目中,龙具有振奋腾飞、开拓变化的寓意和团结 凝聚的精神. Chinese Dragon Dragon totem worship in China has been around for the last 8,000 years. The ancients in China considered the dragon (or loong) a fetish that combines animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation. To the Chinese, the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion. Unit Checkpoint? ? Teaching? Procedure 1. Make Ss to finish the Unit Checkpoint online. 2. Check the score of Unit Checkpoint of each S, and make comments before going to the next unit.