ѧڧߧѧݧߧ ֧ѧ? 2014, Vol. VI, No. 1, . 33-40, UDK: 616.37-002.1-08 DOI: 10.5937/racter6-3679 ߧѧܧ: ӧѧ ѧ٧ߧڧ praznikivan@yahoo.com ֧ԧݧ֧էߧ ݧѧߧѧ/Review Paper ? A ӧѧ ѧ٧ߧڧ ݧڧߧڧܧ ֧ߧѧ ѧԧ?֧ӧѧ REATMENT OF SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS Ivan Praznik Clinical center Kragujevac ڧ?֧/Received: 31.3.2013. ڧӧ?֧/Accepted: 29.6.2013. ? AGD - aߧڧ-ԧݧѧާڧ էڧ֧ڧ RR - ާ?? ѧݧߧ ڧ٧ڧܧ CVVH - ߧڧߧڧѧߧ ӧ֧ߧ-ӧ֧ߧ٧ߧ - ާڧݧѧ? CRAI - ߧڧߧڧѧߧ ֧ԧڧߧѧݧߧ ѧ- ?ܧ ڧߧ٧? EP - ߧէܧܧ ѧڧݧާ? ERCP - ߧէܧܧ ֧ԧѧէߧ ݧѧ- ԧڧѧߧܧ֧ѧԧѧ? E-selectin (CD 62E) - ?֧ݧ?ܧ ѧէ֧٧ڧߧ ާݧ֧ܧ "ISNS" - ߧէڧӧڧէѧݧߧ ֧֧ߧ ѧ- ?ڧӧ LMWH - ڧܧާݧ֧ܧݧѧߧ ֧ѧڧ NG - ѧ٧ԧѧڧߧ NJ - ѧ٧??ߧѧݧߧ NNT - ? ҧݧ֧ߧڧܧ ܧ? ֧a ݧ֧ڧ է ҧ ֧ڧ ?֧էѧ ߧ֧ԧѧڧӧߧ ڧ PAF - ѧܧ ѧܧڧӧѧ? ާҧڧ PTGD - ֧ܧѧߧ ѧߧ֧ѧڧߧ է- ߧѧا اߧ ܧ֧ڧ RCTs - ѧߧէާڧ٧ڧѧߧ ܧߧݧڧѧߧ ܧݧ- ߧڧܧ ڧڧڧӧ? SAP - ֧اѧ ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧ TEN - ѧݧߧ ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ TNF-alfa, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 - ڧܧڧߧ, ާѧݧߧ ֧էߧڧ ٧ѧ?? TPN - ѧݧߧ ѧ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ ܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧ ? ѧܧߧ ٧ѧ??- ܧ ֧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ ާ֧?ڧӧڧ ֧?֧ էԧڧ ֧ԧڧߧѧݧߧڧ ܧڧӧ ڧݧ է- ?֧ߧڧ ԧѧߧܧڧ ڧ֧ާ. ֧ܧ ާ oݧ֧ ?ѧ? 10-20% ݧ?֧ӧ, է- ا֧ߧ ? ܧ ҧڧߧ ٧ҧ ӧڧܧ ֧ѧݧ ݧܧѧݧߧڧ ڧ֧ާܧڧ ܧާݧ- ܧѧ?, ٧ѧ֧ӧ ҧݧߧڧܧ ݧ֧?. ٧֧ӧ ҧ٧ڧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ֧ѧݧ ާߧڧ ڧէ ܧ է?ѧԧߧڧܧڧ ֧ѧ?ܧڧ է- ڧԧߧ?ڧާ, ӧ ҧݧ֧ ֧էѧ? ٧ҧ?ѧ ٧էѧӧӧ֧ߧ-֧ܧߧާܧ ҧݧ֧ էѧߧѧ?ڧ. ? ӧ ѧէ ? ѧߧѧݧڧ٧ ֧٧ݧѧ ѧ- էާڧ٧ӧѧߧڧ ܧߧݧڧѧߧڧ ڧѧاڧӧ? ӧէڧ ѧ٧ݧڧܧ ֧ڧܧѧߧ ڧ٧ާ? - ߧէѧէߧڧ ާ֧է ݧ֧? ֧ܧ ѧܧߧ ѧ- ܧ֧ѧڧڧ ߧӧڧ ֧ѧ?ܧڧ ާէѧݧڧ֧, ާڧݧ ާ?? ڧ٧ڧܧ ާߧ ڧէ. ֧ԧݧ֧է ާ֧էڧڧߧܧ ݧڧ֧ѧ ֧- اڧӧ?֧ "?" ҧѧ٧ էѧѧܧ ڧԧ- ߧѧݧߧڧ ߧѧߧڧ ѧէӧ ڧ֧ާѧܧڧ - ԧݧ֧էߧڧ ݧѧߧѧܧ, ܧާҧڧߧѧ? ?ߧڧ ֧: ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧ, ݧ֧?, ާѧݧ- ֧, ߧ?֧ߧ ? ܧߧ 914 ѧէӧ, ?ѧ- ?֧ߧڧ ݧ֧?ڧ 13 ԧէڧߧ; 64 ѧէ էߧ- ڧݧ ߧ ѧߧէާڧ٧ڧѧߧ ܧߧݧڧѧߧ ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ڧڧڧӧ?, ֧ԧ ? ܧߧ 14 ѧէӧ ٧ѧէӧ?ڧݧ ܧڧ֧?ާ ٧ ֧ݧ֧ܧ? ֧ܧѧܧ? էѧѧܧ. ܧߧ 16 է- ҧѧߧڧ ѧէӧ, ߧ ܧߧ٧֧ӧѧڧӧߧ ݧ֧? էߧڧݧ 11, ?? ߧ֧ܧ ߧӧڧ ֧ѧ?ܧڧ ާէѧݧڧ֧, է ֧֧ܧ ߧӧڧ ӧѧ ѧ٧ߧڧ 34 ާ֧է ݧ֧? ҧڧݧ ֧էާ֧ ڧѧاڧӧ? ֧ڧ է?. ާҧڧߧӧѧߧ, ڧܧ-֧ߧէܧܧ ݧ֧?, ҧڧݧ ? ڧާ?֧ߧ ѧާ ?֧էߧ? - է?. ?ӧ? ٧ѧ ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ѧߧѧݧڧ٧- ѧߧڧ է?ѧާ ҧڧ ? 290, է? ѧߧ- ԧߧڧ ѧܧ ѧܧڧӧѧ? ާҧڧ, է ? ߧ?ާ? ٧ѧ 22 ѧ?֧ߧ ٧ѧҧ֧ݧ֧ا֧ է? ܧ? ? ?ڧӧѧݧ ѧݧߧ ѧ֧- ֧ѧݧߧ ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ ҧݧ֧ߧڧܧ. ߧڧߧڧѧߧ ֧ԧڧߧѧݧߧ ѧ֧?ܧ ڧߧ٧? ڧߧڧҧڧڧާ ֧ѧ٧ ܧާҧڧߧ- ? ѧߧڧҧڧڧܧ, ڧߧѧӧ֧ߧܧ ߧѧէܧߧѧէ ѧݧѧߧڧ-ԧݧѧާڧ էڧ֧ڧէ ѧߧ, ӧڧܧ- ٧ѧ֧ާڧߧܧ ܧߧڧߧڧѧߧ ӧ֧ߧ-ӧ֧ߧ٧ߧ - ާڧݧѧ?, ܧѧ٧ѧݧ ߧ?ҧ? ֧٧ݧѧ ݧ֧? ѧ?֧ߧѧ ֧ܧڧ ѧܧߧڧ ѧ- ܧ֧ѧڧڧ. ѧܧ?, ֧ҧ ߧڧܧާݧ֧ܧ- ݧѧߧ ֧ѧڧߧ ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ? ڧѧݧ ߧ ާ?? ڧ٧ڧܧ ާߧ ڧէ. ?ߧ ֧: ֧اѧ ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ- ڧ, ާѧݧڧ֧, ݧ֧?, ڧߧڧҧڧ ֧- ٧, ѧݧѧߧڧ-ԧݧѧާڧ էڧ֧ڧ ABSTRACT Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involve- ment of other regional tissues or other organ systems. The severe form of the disease occurs in 10-20% of cases, and usually requires prolonged hospitalization due to a frequent local and systemic complications. Additionally, conside- rable mortality despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances, makes this disease a serious health problem nowadays. The aim of this study was to conduct a review of randomized controlled trials to determine differences in the efficiency between standard methods of treatment for seve- re acute pancreatitis and new treatment ways in terms of decreased mortality. Search of the "Medline" database of original scientific papers and systematic review articles was made, using a combination of the following keywords: acute pancreatitis, treatment, mortality. In total 914 papers were found, pub- lished in the last 13 years; 14 of 64 randomized controlled clinical trials met the selection criteria and were eligible for inclusion. From a total of 16 papers, the conservative treatment was related to 11, which includes some of the new treatment methods, while the effects of new methods of treatment have been the subject of research in the four studies. Combined endoscopic and surgical treatment was applied in only one study. The lar- gest sample of 290 patients was included in the study with platelet activation factor antagonist, while the smallest sample of 22 patients was used in the study that compared total parenteral with enteral nutrition. Continuous regional arterial infusion of protease inhibitors in combination with antibio- tics, intravenous supplementation of alanyl-glu- tamine dipeptide and the early, high-volume continuous veno-venous hemofiltration showed the best results in the treatment of patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Also, the use of low molecular weight heparin and enteral nutrition significantly reduced mortality. Key Words: severe acute pancreatitis, mortality, treatment, protease inhibitors, alanil- glutamine dipeptide ܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧ ? ѧܧߧ ٧ѧ??- ܧ ֧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ ާ֧?ڧӧڧ ֧?֧ էԧڧ ֧ԧڧߧѧݧߧڧ ܧڧӧ ڧݧ է- ?֧ߧڧ ԧѧߧܧڧ ڧ֧ާ. ݧ֧ ? 80% ѧ?֧ߧѧ ҧݧѧا֧ ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ܧ, ާڧߧ- ާѧݧߧڧ ٧ѧ??֧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ, ҧ֧ ܧާݧڧܧ- ? ֧ܧ էӧէ է ާߧ ڧէ. - ߧڧ֧? ߧ֧ݧѧԧէߧ? ҧݧ ҧ, ާߧڧߧ, ӧ??֧ ӧڧ?֧ ѧ- ܧ֧ѧߧڧ ֧ߧ٧ڧާ. ?֧? ٧ߧ ѧܧ اߧ ܧѧާ֧ߧ ߧ ѧݧܧݧ. ҧڧߧ ߧ ܧߧ٧֧ӧѧڧӧߧ ݧ֧? ߧ ӧݧѧ ٧ ߧ֧ܧݧڧܧ էѧߧ. ֧ܧ ާ oݧ֧, ?ѧ- ? 10-20% ݧ?֧ӧ, էا֧ߧ ? ܧ ҧڧߧ ٧ҧ ӧڧܧ ֧ѧݧ ݧܧѧݧߧڧ ڧ֧ާܧڧ ܧާݧڧܧѧ?, ٧ѧ֧ӧ ҧݧߧڧܧ ݧ֧?. ٧֧ӧ ҧ٧ڧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ֧ѧݧ ާߧڧ ڧէ ܧ է?ѧԧߧ- ڧܧڧ ֧ѧ?ܧڧ էڧԧߧ?ڧާ, ӧ ҧ- ݧ֧ էѧߧѧ ֧էѧ? ٧ҧ?ѧ ٧էѧӧӧ֧ߧ- ֧ܧߧާܧ ҧݧ֧1 . ֧ܧ٧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ ? ާݧܧ ҧ֧ݧ֧? ֧ܧ ާ ҧݧ֧ ֧ܧ ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧ (SP), ٧ѧ- ӧѧ ӧڧ 30% اݧ֧٧էѧߧ ѧ֧ߧڧާ. ާݧڧܧѧ? SP : ڧߧڧڧѧߧ ߧ֧ܧ٧ 5-10% ݧ?֧ӧ ާߧ? ֧ܧ 80%, ѧ֧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ, ֧ڧѧߧܧ֧ѧڧߧ ާѧߧ ߧ֧ܧ٧, ߧ?֧اڧ ݧ?֧ӧڧާ ѧߧܧ֧- ڧߧ ֧ ѧ?ڧ ڧ֧ާܧڧ ܧާݧ- ܧѧ?ѧާ ާߧڧ ڧէ, ӧڧ 40% ҧݧ֧ݧڧ. ֧ѧݧ SP ? 10 է 50 ҧݧ- ݧڧ ߧ 100.000 ѧߧӧߧڧܧ ԧէڧ?2 . - էѧߧ ѧܧ ܧ? էڧߧ ߧѧѧߧܧ ާ- ߧ ڧէ : ?֧ѧߧ" ڧܧ ݧ֧?, ߧ֧ѧէ֧ܧӧѧߧ ܧߧ٧֧ӧѧڧӧߧ ݧ֧?, ҧݧߧڧܧ ֧? ֧ܧ ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧa 35 ڧߧ֧ܧ?, ԧ?ѧ٧ߧ, ѧ, էا֧ߧ ҧ- ݧ֧, ڧ?֧ߧ ߧѧ֧ߧ ?. ֧? ӧէ ٧ѧӧڧߧ ܧݧ- ߧڧܧ ܧ ҧݧ֧ ݧܧѧݧߧ ߧѧݧѧ٧. - ٧֧ӧѧڧӧߧ ݧ֧? էѧ٧ާ֧ӧ ߧѧէܧߧѧէ ֧ߧ ֧ݧ֧ܧݧڧ, ѧ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧݧ ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ??, ާ?? ֧ܧ֧? ܧڧ- ݧڧߧ ا֧ݧ, ѧߧѧݧԧ֧٧?, ѧߧڧҧڧܧ ֧- ? ڧާ֧ߧ ߧڧܧާݧ֧ܧݧѧߧ ֧ѧڧߧ. ҧ ѧ٧ӧ? ڧߧ֧ܧڧӧߧڧ ߧ֧ڧߧ֧ܧڧӧߧڧ ܧާݧڧܧѧ? ݧ֧ "ӧ֧ߧ" ڧԧ?, ѧߧէѧէߧ ڧܧ ߧ֧ܧ֧ܧާ? ? ֧٧֧- ӧڧѧߧ ٧ ѧ?֧ߧ ܧ ܧ?ڧ ֧էߧ ݧ֧? ߧ? էѧݧ ֧٧ݧѧ. ݧ֧?ڧ ԧէ- ߧ, ڧԧ? SP ? ٧ߧѧߧ ݧѧܧѧߧ - ֧ҧ ݧѧѧܧ էѧ٧ާ֧ӧ ܧާҧڧߧ- ? ֧ߧէܧܧ է֧ߧѧا ާڧߧڧާѧݧߧ-ڧߧӧ- ٧ڧӧߧ ߧ֧ܧ֧ܧާ?1 . ѧܧ?, ݧ֧? ҧڧݧ?ѧߧ SP, էߧ֧էѧӧߧ ڧާ?? ѧߧ, ֧ܧѧߧ ѧߧ֧ѧڧߧ է֧ߧѧا اߧ ܧ֧ (PTGD). ݧ ܧ? ߧӧڧ - ڧ٧ڧݧܧڧ ާ֧ѧߧڧ٧ѧާ ҧݧ֧ ݧԧ ֧էߧڧܧ ٧ѧ?? ֧ԧӧ? ٧ѧ- ?֧ߧܧڧ ?֧ݧ? ڧ٧ѧ٧ڧӧ? ڧ֧ާܧڧ ܧ- ݧڧܧѧ?, ?ѧӧڧݧ ֧ҧ ٧ ߧӧڧ ާ- էѧާ ݧ֧?a. ڧާ?֧ߧ ? է ѧߧ ֧ާ- ڧݧѧ?, ڧާ֧ߧ ܧߧڧߧڧѧߧ ֧ԧڧߧѧݧߧ ѧ֧?ܧ ڧߧ٧? ڧߧڧҧڧ ֧ѧ٧ (CRAI ), ѧߧѧԧߧڧ ѧܧ ѧܧ- ӧѧ? ާҧڧ (PAF), ݧ֧ާ֧ߧѧ? ѧݧѧߧڧ-ԧݧѧާڧ էڧ֧ڧէ (AGD) ܧݧ ߧڧڧӧߧ էܧ, ڧ ߧ ާ?? ܧ- ֧ߧѧ? ѧܧ ܧ? էԧӧߧ ٧ - ԧ֧? ҧݧ֧ ާߧ ڧ2-7 . ? ? ӧ ѧէ ? է ѧߧѧݧڧ٧ ֧٧ݧѧ ѧߧէާڧ٧ӧѧߧڧ ܧߧݧڧѧߧڧ ڧѧاڧӧ? ӧէ ѧ٧ݧڧܧ ֧ڧܧѧߧ ڧ٧ާ? ѧ- էѧէߧڧ ާ֧է ݧ֧? ֧ܧ ѧܧߧ ѧ- ܧ֧ѧڧڧ ߧӧڧ ֧ѧ?ܧڧ ާէѧݧڧ֧, ާڧݧ ާ?? ڧ٧ڧܧ ާߧ ڧէ. ? ֧ԧݧ֧է ާ֧էڧڧߧܧ ݧڧ֧ѧ - ѧاڧӧ?֧ "?" ҧѧ٧ էѧѧܧ - ԧڧߧѧݧߧڧ ߧѧߧڧ ѧէӧ ڧ֧ާѧܧڧ ֧ԧݧ֧էߧڧ ݧѧߧѧܧ, ܧާҧڧߧѧ? ?ߧڧ ֧: ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧ, ݧ֧?, ާѧݧ- ֧, ߧ?֧ߧ ? ܧߧ 914 ѧէӧ, ?ѧ- ?֧ߧڧ ݧ֧?ڧ 13 ԧէڧߧ; 64 ѧէ էߧ- ڧݧ ߧ ѧߧէާڧ٧ڧѧߧ ܧߧݧڧѧߧ ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ڧڧڧӧ? (RCTs), ֧ԧ ? ܧ- ߧ 14 ѧէӧ ٧ѧէӧ?ڧݧ ܧڧ֧?ާ ٧ - ݧ֧ܧ? ֧ܧѧܧ? էѧѧܧ. ֧ާ ڧڧ ܧڧ֧?ާڧާ ?ߧڧ ֧ڧާ ֧ѧا- ߧ ? ҧѧ٧ էѧѧܧ "", ԧէ - ߧ?֧ߧ 44 է?, ܧ?ڧ 24 էߧڧݧ ߧ RCTs, ֧ާ ܧڧ֧?ާ ٧ ֧ݧ֧ܧ? ڧߧڧݧ ѧާ էӧ. ڧ٧ѧէ ӧ ڧ֧ާѧ- ܧ ֧ԧݧ֧էߧ ݧѧߧܧ, ܧߧ 88, է- ҧѧߧ ? 16 ڧԧڧߧѧݧߧڧ ߧѧߧ-ڧѧا- ӧѧܧڧ ѧէӧ, ާ ߧ ֧ܧ ڧ?ڧӧ ߧ ֧ߧԧݧ֧ܧ ?֧٧ڧܧ. ڧ֧?ާ ٧ ֧ݧ֧ܧ? ߧڧ ٧ѧէӧ?ڧݧ 72 ѧէ. - է? ܧ? ҧѧӧڧݧ ڧѧاڧӧ?ڧާ ߧ ا- ӧ?ѧާ, ݧ֧?֧ ҧڧݧ?ѧߧ-֧ѧڧߧڧ, ԧѧ֧ߧ֧ݧܧڧ ֧ܧѧݧߧڧ ܧѧڧߧާ, ѧҧէާڧߧѧݧߧ ܧާѧާ֧ߧ ڧߧէާ, ѧէӧ ҧѧ٧ڧѧߧ ڧ?ڧӧ ߧ ѧߧڧҧڧܧ? - ݧѧܧ, ڧԧ? ֧ѧ-ҧڧݧ?ѧߧ ѧܧ, ާ֧-ѧߧѧݧڧ٧, ߧ֧ѧߧէާڧ٧ӧѧߧ ڧѧاڧӧ?, ߧ֧ߧ ѧէӧ ߧ ܧ? ߧڧ ҧڧݧ ߧ ֧ߧԧݧ֧ܧ ?֧٧ڧܧ, ߧڧ ٧֧ ѧ٧ާѧ?. ֧ݧ֧ܧӧѧߧ է? էߧڧݧ ڧ?- ڧӧ ߧ RCTs,ӧ֧է֧ߧ ߧ ?էڧާ ҧݧ- ݧڧ ֧ܧ ާ ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧ "APACHE II"ܧ ӧ?ڧ ѧ ڧݧ - ӧ?֧ߧڧ ٧ڧڧӧߧڧ ߧѧݧѧ٧ ߧ֧ܧ٧ ߧ ֧ԧݧ֧է ܧާ?֧ڧ٧ӧѧߧ ާԧѧ?. ڧѧߧڧ ާݧ? 18 ԧէڧߧ էߧڧ ߧڧ ҧڧݧ ?֧ߧ ڧڧڧӧ?. ֧էާ֧ ڧѧاڧӧ? ҧڧݧ ? ?ڧӧ? ֧ڧܧѧߧ- ڧާ?֧ߧڧ ѧߧէѧէߧڧ ߧӧڧ ާ֧է ݧ֧? ߧ ާ?? ާߧ ѧ?֧ߧѧ SP. ӧ ֧ݧ֧ܧӧѧߧ է? ҧڧݧ ާ֧- էݧܧ ڧѧӧߧ ?֧ߧ. ݧڧߧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ֧٧ݧѧ էߧڧݧ ߧ ާ?- ? ѧݧߧ ڧ٧ڧܧ ާߧ ڧէ ڧ٧ѧا֧ߧ ӧ֧էߧڧާ ҧ? ҧݧ֧ߧڧܧ ܧ? ֧ҧ ݧ֧ڧ ߧӧڧ ݧ֧ܧ է ҧ ڧ٧ҧ֧ԧѧ ?֧էѧ ާߧ ڧ (NNT), 20 < 20. ѧާ ާѧݧ ҧ? էҧ?֧ߧڧ ֧٧ݧѧ ާا֧ާ ԧ֧ߧ- ѧݧڧ٧ӧѧ ߧ ڧ ݧѧ? ?֧ ? ӧ?- ߧ ѧߧѧݧڧ٧ڧѧߧڧ է? ҧڧ ?֧ ާѧݧ ҧ? ڧڧѧߧڧܧ. ӧڧ է?ѧާ ҧڧݧ ߧѧӧ֧է֧ߧ ܧڧ֧?ާ ٧ ?? ѧ?- ߧѧ, ԧ ҧڧݧ ݧڧߧ ٧ѧ?֧ߧ ԧߧڧܧڧ ѧܧ, ѧާ ? ާڧߧڧާѧݧߧ ҧ? ѧ?֧ߧѧ ߧ ֧ܧ ҧڧ ڧ?֧ ڧ է?. ֧ ѧߧէާڧ٧ѧ? ҧڧ ? ӧ?- ߧ է? ԧݧѧӧߧ ߧ֧٧ѧӧڧѧ ڧѧا- ӧѧ. ֧ߧ ܧӧѧݧڧ֧ է? ߧѧӧ֧է֧ߧ ? ܧѧ ѧҧ֧ݧѧߧ ڧܧѧ (ѧҧ֧ݧ 1). ܧߧ 16 էѧҧѧߧڧ ѧէӧ7-20 , ߧ ܧߧ٧֧ӧѧڧӧߧ ݧ֧? էߧڧݧ 11, ?? ߧ֧ܧ ߧӧڧ ֧ѧ?ܧڧ ާէ- ݧڧ֧, է ֧֧ܧ ߧӧڧ ާ֧է ݧ֧? ҧڧݧ ֧էާ֧ ڧѧاڧӧ? ֧ڧ է?. ӧѧ ѧ٧ߧڧ 36 ާҧڧߧӧѧߧ, ڧܧ-֧ߧէܧܧ ݧ֧- ?, ҧڧݧ ? ڧާ?֧ߧ ѧާ ?֧էߧ? է?. ڧѧߧڧ ݧ֧֧ߧ ?֧էڧߧڧѧާ ڧߧ֧- ٧ڧӧߧ ݧ֧? ߧ ڧܧڧ է??ڧާ. ӧڧ է?ѧާ ҧڧݧ է?֧ߧ ߧ ֧ѧ?ܧ ܧߧݧߧ ԧ. ? ҧڧݧ ԧѧߧڧ? ԧݧ֧է ݧ. ?ӧ? ٧ѧ ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ѧߧѧݧڧ٧ڧѧߧڧ է?ѧާ ҧڧ ? 290, է? ѧߧѧԧߧڧ PAF, է ? ߧ?ާ? ٧ѧ 22 ѧ?֧ߧ ٧ѧҧ֧ݧ֧ا֧ է? ܧ? ? ?ڧӧѧݧ ѧݧߧ ѧ֧ߧ- ѧݧߧ (PN) ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ ҧݧ֧ߧڧܧ (N) (ѧҧ֧ݧ 1). ѧҧ֧ݧ 1. ѧѧܧ֧ڧڧܧ է? ݧ֧? ֧ܧ ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧ էѧҧѧߧڧ ٧ ѧߧѧݧڧ٧7-20 . ҧ . . ?? է? ڧާ?֧ߧ ާ֧է ? ѧ . ֧ߧ ܧӧѧ . է? % ڧ٧ԧ?֧ߧڧ ѧ?֧ߧѧ Apache ܧ ާߧ (%) ֧? ӧ֧էߧ ԧѧާ ARR (%) NNT ( 95% CI* ) P ӧ֧էߧ 1. RCT 70 ާ֧. " ISNS" vs.TPN 100 6 0 >8 17% (14 vs 20) 6 16,6 (0,1-33,3) p>0,05 2. RCT 10 էѧߧ TEN vs. TPN 22 5 0 >8 9,1 % (0 vs 9,1) 9,1 10,9 (0,07-22) p>0, 05 3. RCT 34 ާ֧. NG vs.NJ ڧѧߧ 50 5 2 18 25,15% (18,5 vs 31,8) 13,3 7,5 (0,05-15) p>0, 05 4. RCT 34 ާ֧. TEN vs. TPN 70 4 1,43 17,7 20,5% (6 vs 35) 29 3.4 (0,02-6,9) p=0,003 5. RCT 18 ާ֧. TEN vs. TPN 50 6 0 >8 18% ( 20 vs 16) 4 25 (0,16-50) p>0, 05 p=1,000 6. RCT 29 ާ֧. TEN vs. TPN 28 6 0 12,7 10,7% ( 0 vs. 15,8) 15,8 6,4 (0,04-12,7) p>0, 05 7. RCT 49 ާ֧. TEN vs. TPN 107 5 28,18 16 27,1% ( 11,3 vs 42,6) 31,3 3,2 (0,02-6,3) p<0, 05 8. RCT 34 ާ֧. TEN Imipenem vs. TPN 28 5 0 >8 28,6% (19 vs. 40 ) 21 4,8 (0,13-41,6) p>0, 05 9. RCT 67 ާ֧. LMWH 265 6 0 11,6 20,5% (10,4 vs 30,6) 20,2 4,9 (0,03-9,9) p<0,05 10. RCT 36 ާ֧. "STEP-UP" vs. opn necrosect. 88 5 0 14.,6 17,5% (19 vs 16) 3 33,3 (0,2-66,6) p=0, 70 11. RCT 46 ާ֧. PTGD vs. ERCP+EP 107 6 2,88 14 6,95% ( 8 vs 5,9) 2,1 47,6 (0,3-95,2) p=0,798 12. RCT 10 ާ֧. AGD 80 4 5 8,6 13,2% (5,3 vs 21,1) 15,8 6,3 (0,04-12,6) p<0, 05 13. RCT 96 էѧߧ high vs .low volt. CVVH early vs. late CVVH 37 5 0 >8 18,6% (5,56 vs.31,58) (11,11 vs. 26,32) 26 15,2 3,8 (0,03-10,7) 6.5 (0,3- 10,2) p<0, 01 p<0, 05 14. RCT 60 ާ֧. CRAI ڧߧڧҧڧ ֧ѧ ѧߧڧҧڧڧܧ 78 5 10,26 >8 14,1% (5,1 vs. 23,1) 18 5,5 (0,03-11,1) p<0, 05 p=0,02 15. RCT 22 ާ֧. F ѧߧѧԧߧڧ- Lexipafant 290 7 1,38 10 12% (10 vs. 15) 5 20 (0,1-40) p=0,131 16. RCT 13 ާ֧. Antioxidant therapy (Vit. C, A, E) 39 7 2,2 11,2 5,12% (0 vs. 10,5) 10,5 9,5 (0,06-19) p>0, 05 * ѧߧڧ ӧ֧? ٧ NNT ާҧڧߧӧѧߧ-ڧܧ/֧ߧէܧܧ ݧ֧? SAP ݧѧߧէܧ է? ڧ 2005 ԧէڧߧ ? - ֧էڧݧ ֧ڧܧѧߧ "step-up" ڧ ѧ- էѧէߧ, "ӧ֧ߧ" ߧ֧ܧ֧ܧާ?, ߧ ܧߧ 88 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ. ҧ ԧ ѧ?֧ߧѧ ڧާѧݧ ܧߧڧߧڧѧߧ ֧ѧڧӧߧ ڧڧ?, (>4l/24h). է?ѧާ ? էܧѧ٧ѧߧ է ߧ֧ާ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ѧ٧ݧڧܧ ާ?? ާߧ, 19 % ֧? ֧ܧ ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧa 37 ٧ "step-up" ާ֧ 16 % ߧѧܧ ܧݧѧڧߧ ڧ; (=0,70). NN ӧ֧էߧ ? ӧ֧ާ ӧڧܧ ڧ٧ߧ 33,3. ӧ ާ֧է ݧ֧? SAP ?ڧߧݧڧߧ ҧݧߧڧ, ڧߧ, 2001 ԧէڧߧ, է? ߧ 107 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ҧڧݧ?ѧߧڧ SAP, ѧߧ?֧ߧ ? է ѧߧ PTGD, ڧާ- ?֧ߧ 53 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ, ߧ֧ާ ڧާѧ, էߧ ߧ 48 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ, ݧ֧֧ߧڧ ѧߧէѧէߧ, ֧- էܧܧ ֧ԧѧէߧ ݧѧߧԧڧѧߧܧ֧- ԧѧ? (ERCP) ֧ߧէܧܧ ѧڧݧ- ާ? (EP). PTGD ԧ, ҧڧݧ ? 8 % ާݧڧ, RCP, 5,9 %; (=0,798). NN ? ҧڧ 47,6. ڧߧ, ڧ٧ާ? 2004 2005 ԧ., - է? 20 % GD-, 76 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ? է- ҧ?ѧݧ 100 ml էߧ֧ӧߧ ڧߧѧӧ֧ߧܧ ڧߧ- ٧? ӧ ݧ֧ܧ, ߧ էѧ ?֧ާ ֧ էѧߧ ܧ- ߧ?. ѧѧا֧ߧ ? ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ߧڧا ާߧ "ѧߧ" ԧ 38 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ, ѧާ 5,3 %, ٧ ѧ٧ݧڧܧ 21.1 % ާݧڧ "ܧѧߧ?" ԧ; (<0,05). ݧڧߧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ է? - ӧէڧݧ ? ӧ֧էߧ NNT- 6.3 ARR, 15,8%. ѧܧ?, 2005 ԧէڧߧ, էԧ ܧڧߧ֧ܧ - է? ܧߧڧߧڧѧߧڧ ӧ֧ߧ-ӧ֧ߧ٧ߧڧ - ڧ?ѧӧ?֧ ܧӧ (CVVH), ߧ 37 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ, ?ڧӧѧݧ ? ߧڧܧ ӧڧܧ٧ѧ֧ާڧߧܧ CVVH, ܧݧڧڧߧ 1000 4000 ml/h, ߧѧ ӧڧ 48 ѧ ݧ 96 ѧӧ ?֧ާ. ܧѧ֧֧ڧ٧ѧ? ?ԧݧѧߧ ڧݧ ֧ާѧݧߧ ӧ֧ߧ, ӧ ڧڧѧߧڧ էҧ?ѧݧ LMWH, է٧ 0,4 ml. ܧѧ٧ѧߧ ? ܧݧ- ߧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ է? NNT ӧ֧էߧڧާ 3,8 6.5, ѧݧ ߧڧܧ ާߧ? ԧ ѧߧ, 11,11% ֧ާ 26,32% ӧڧܧ٧- ֧ާڧߧܧ CVVH, 5,56% ֧ާ 31,58%; (<0,01 <0,05). ֧ާ ާѧݧ ާߧ , ѧާ 5.1%, ڧܧ- ٧ѧߧ ? է? CRAI , ѧѧӧ, 2003 ԧէڧߧ. CRAI: 240 mg/24h ߧѧѧާѧ ާ֧- ݧѧ 1g/24h ڧާڧ֧ߧ֧ާ, ڧާѧ ? 31 ڧ- ѧߧڧ ܧ ֧ էѧߧ. ߧѧӧ֧ߧܧ ڧާ֧ߧ ڧާڧ֧ߧ֧ާ ? ߧѧѧ?֧ߧ ߧѧ֧էߧڧ է֧ӧ֧ էѧߧ, է ? 39 ܧߧݧ ڧ էҧ?ѧݧ է٧ 0,5 g/8h, 14 էѧߧ, ާߧ 23,1%. ާ?? ҧ? ާߧڧ ݧ?֧ӧ CRAI ԧ ҧڧݧ ? ӧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ; (<0,05; p=0,02), ܧѧ ѧާ է? ӧ֧էߧ? NNT ѧާ 5,5. ҧڧѧߧܧ? է? PAF ѧߧѧԧߧ- , ڧ 1994 ԧէڧߧ, ܧѧ٧ѧ ? ߧڧ٧ѧ ڧ? ߧ ާߧ, ԧ 148 ѧ?֧ߧѧ ܧ? ӧ? ݧ֧ էҧ?ѧݧ, ֧էѧ էѧߧ, է٧ 100 mg/24h, է ? 138 ܧߧݧ ڧާѧݧ ݧ- ֧ҧ. ڧݧ ? 10% ާݧڧ PAF 15% ݧ- ֧ҧ ԧ; (=0,131). NN= 20. ѧէ?ܧ է? ڧ 2006 ԧ., ߧ? էܧ- ٧ѧݧ ߧѧڧ ܧڧ ڧާ֧ߧ ѧߧڧܧ- էѧߧѧ. ѧߧէѧէߧ ? ݧ֧֧ߧ 39 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ, ѧݧ ? ?ڧ 19 ڧާѧݧ էߧ֧ӧߧ 1g ӧڧѧާڧߧ , ڧߧѧӧ֧ߧܧ, 10.000 ?֧էڧߧڧ ӧڧѧާڧߧ , ڧߧѧާܧݧѧߧ 200 mg ӧڧѧާڧߧ , ѧݧߧ,14 էѧߧ. ?֧ߧ ܧڧէѧڧӧߧ ާѧܧ֧ ݧѧ٧ާ: ԧݧѧڧ, ֧ܧڧ է- ٧ާѧ٧ ާѧݧߧէڧѧݧէ֧ڧ. ֧ ҧ٧ڧ ߧ NN ӧ֧էߧ 9.5 ܧߧ ާߧ 5,12%, ڧ? ӧڧѧާڧߧ ߧ ?֧ߧ ާ?? ߧ? ҧڧ ٧ߧѧ?ѧ; (p>0,05). ߧ٧֧ӧѧڧӧߧ ݧ֧? SAP ܧڧߧ֧ܧ? է? "ڧߧէڧӧڧէѧݧߧ ֧֧ߧ ѧ?ڧӧ " (ISNS), ڧ 2002 ԧէڧߧ, 50 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ? էҧ?ѧݧ ѧݧҧ- ާڧ, 10-20 g էߧ֧ӧߧ PN, ٧ѧڧ, ܧާҧڧߧ- ӧѧߧ, ѧ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ ܧ? ݧ֧?, ѧާ N. ڧ?ڧӧ PN ҧڧݧ ? 50 ܧߧݧ. ܧѧ٧ѧߧ ? է - ԧݧ֧է ާߧ ߧ? ҧڧݧ ѧ٧ݧڧܧ ڧ٧ާ? "ISNS" ܧߧݧߧ ԧ; 14 % ߧѧѧ 20 %; (>0,05). NN =16,6. է? ӧ֧է֧ߧ? ѧ֧ݧߧ 2006 ԧէڧߧ, 22 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ? ?֧ߧ ڧ?ڧӧ 1.5-2 g ֧ڧߧ/kg 30-35 cal/kg էߧ֧ӧߧ, 10 էѧߧ. ڧڧӧߧ ާݧ ڧާѧݧ ? 11 ѧ?֧ߧѧ, ߧѧ٧??ߧѧݧߧ (NJ), է ? 11 ܧ- ݧ PN ?֧ߧ ֧ܧ ֧ߧѧݧߧ ӧ֧- ܧ ݧڧߧ?. N ԧ ߧ? ҧڧݧ ާߧڧ ڧէ, է ? PN ҧڧݧ 9,1%, ٧ҧ ֧ԧ ڧ? ӧѧܧӧ ݧ֧? ߧ էӧէ ӧ֧٧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧڧ ާ??֧ ާߧ; (>0,05). NN =10,9. ݧѧ٧ԧӧܧ ڧݧ է?, ڧ 1997 ԧէڧߧ, ߧ 27 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ߧѧ٧ԧѧڧߧ (NG) ڧѧߧ, ߧ? ܧѧ٧ѧݧ ߧѧڧ ܧڧ ڧ, էߧ ߧ 22 ܧߧݧ NJ ڧѧߧ ֧ ҧ٧ڧ ߧ ڧާ֧ߧ, ӧ ڧڧѧߧڧ էҧ?ѧݧ 1 kcal/ml 40 g/l ֧ڧߧ, է٧ 30-100 ml/h, ߧ?ӧڧ 2000 kcal էߧ֧ӧߧ, ӧ ӧ֧ާ ݧ֧?. ާݧ ? ֧ NG ֧էѧ ڧڧѧߧڧܧ NJ ԧ; (>0,05). NN =7,5. ܧ է? ڧ 2002 ԧէڧߧ, ? է֧ڧߧ- ڧӧߧ ӧէڧݧ ֧էߧ ֧էާէߧ֧ӧߧ N 35 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ, NJ ?֧ߧڧ 1,5 g- - ֧ڧߧ 30 cal/kg էߧ֧ӧߧ, ߧѧѧ 34 ܧ- ݧ PN (10% է֧ܧ٧, 10% ֧ާݧ٧? ާѧ 10% ѧާڧߧܧڧ֧ݧڧߧܧ ѧӧ). PN ԧ ާݧ ? 35%, N, ӧ֧ԧ 6%; ӧѧ ѧ٧ߧڧ 38 (=0,003). է? ? ҧڧݧ ѧڧڧܧ, ѧݧ ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ, ?֧ ? NNT ҧڧ 3.4 . ֧ܧڧӧߧ է? ڧ 2006 ԧ.ڧߧ ֧ ҧݧߧڧ, ߧէ?, ߧ? ܧѧ٧ѧݧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ? ڧ? TEN ߧ ARR ާߧ ڧէ 25 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ڧߧڧ?ѧݧߧ ?֧ߧڧ ߧڧڧӧߧڧ ާݧѧާ, ߧѧ 72 ѧ ?֧ާ ܧ ߧѧ֧էߧڧ 14 էѧߧ. ܧߧ էߧ֧ӧߧ ߧ ҧڧ ? 2,500-2,700 kcal 120-130 g ֧ڧߧ, ҧ٧ڧߧ 20-30 ml/h. - ܧ ? ڧާ?֧ 25 ܧߧݧߧڧ ѧ?- ߧѧ TPN. TEN ԧ, ҧڧݧ ? 20% ާ- ݧڧ էߧ ߧ 16% ܧߧݧߧ ԧ; (p=1,000). NN = 25. ѧߧѧէܧ է? ڧ 2001 ԧէڧߧ ? - էڧݧ 10 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ߧ ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ? ڧѧߧ (Peptamen ?), 25 ml/h, ֧֧ߧڧ ӧ?- ӧ?֧ ٧ 10 ml/h, ӧѧܧڧ 6 ѧ, 18 ܧ- ݧ ܧ? ѧ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ էҧ?ѧݧ 10% է֧- ٧ ֧ާݧ٧? ާѧ (Intralipid?). ߧ֧ӧߧ ߧ ٧ ҧ ԧ ҧڧ ? 25 kcal/kg 1,5 g/kg ֧ڧߧ էߧ֧ӧߧ. ާݧ ? 15,8% ܧߧݧ, է TEN ԧ ߧ? ҧڧݧ ާߧڧ ݧ?֧ӧ; ( p>0,05). NN= 6,4. ڧߧ֧ܧ է? ӧ֧է֧ߧ 2003 է 2007 ԧէڧߧ, ܧѧ٧ѧݧ ? ܧڧߧ ֧֧ܧ TEN ߧ 53 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ܧ? ҧڧݧ ?֧ߧ ڧާߧ-ߧڧڧӧߧ ާݧ, էߧ֧ӧߧڧ ߧ 20 ml/h, 25-30 kcal/kg 1,5 g/kg ֧ڧߧ. ߧݧߧ 54 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ߧ PN, էҧ?ѧݧ ? ѧӧ ԧݧڧܧ٧, ӧڧѧާڧߧ, ާ- ߧ֧ѧݧ, ܧݧڧڧߧ 2000 ml 250 ml 20% ֧ާݧ٧? ާѧ, 25-30 kcal/kg 1,2 g/kg ֧ڧߧ էߧ֧ӧߧ. է? ? ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ?֧ NNT ڧ٧ߧ 3.2, ާߧ 42.6% PN 11,3% TEN ԧ; (p<0,05). ѧߧէާڧ٧ӧѧߧ, էӧѧ٧ߧ էڧާ֧ѧ- ܧ է? ڧ 2002 ԧէڧߧ, ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ, ҧ֧ ҧ٧ڧ ߧ ӧ֧էߧ NNT 4,8, ߧ? ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ڧѧݧ ߧ ާߧ; ( p>0,05). ѧѧӧ, 10 ѧ?֧ߧѧ PN էҧ- ?ѧݧ ? 5-16 էѧߧ, ڧߧѧӧ֧ߧܧ, 3 g/kg 10% է֧ܧ٧, 1-1,5 g/kg 10% ѧާڧߧ-ܧڧ֧ݧڧߧܧڧ ѧӧ 0,8-1,3 g/kg 10% ڧݧ 20% ֧ާݧ٧? ާѧ 30 kcal/kg էߧ֧ӧߧ. ާߧߧڧڧӧߧ ާݧ, 40 kcal/ml/h 22,5 g/500 ml - ֧ڧߧ ֧ܧ NJ ߧէ, էҧ?ѧ ? 21 ѧ?֧ߧ, 5-9 էѧߧ. ߧڧҧڧڧ ? ڧާ?ڧӧѧ ֧ߧ- ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ, ֧ӧ էѧߧ, ߧ 12 h, ܧ 14 ѧ?֧ߧѧ. ڧߧ֧ܧ է? ߧڧܧާݧ֧ܧݧѧߧڧ ֧ѧڧߧ (LMWH), ܧߧѧߧ 2004 ԧէڧߧ, ܧѧ٧ѧݧ ? ߧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ߧڧا ާߧ, 10,4 %, ԧ 135 ڧڧѧߧڧܧ ܧ? ֧ - ߧէѧէߧ ݧ֧? ڧ էҧ?ѧݧ ֧էѧ էѧa, է٧ 100 ?g/kg էߧ֧ӧߧ. ާߧ 130 ܧ- ݧ ѧߧէѧէߧ ֧ѧ? ҧڧݧ ? 30,6 %; (<0,05). ݧڧߧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ է? - ӧէڧݧ ? ӧ֧էߧ ARR-a 20,2 NNT-a 4,9. ? ߧѧݧڧ٧ ֧٧ݧѧ է? CRAI ڧߧ- ҧڧڧާ ֧ѧ٧, ڧߧѧӧ֧ߧܧ ݧ֧ާ֧- ѧ? AGD- ѧߧ, ӧڧܧ-٧ѧ֧ާڧ- ܧ CVVH, ܧѧ٧? ߧ ֧էߧ ߧӧڧ ާ֧- է ݧ֧? SAP էߧ ߧ ѧܧ?, ӧ֧ާ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ܧڧߧ ֧֧ܧ ڧާ֧ߧ LMWH N, ӧ?֧ߧ ާߧԧڧ է?ѧާ. ѧܧ- ?, ݧ է֧֧ߧ? ڧڧڧӧ?, է? ֧ߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ ӧ?? ?֧ߧ ӧѧاߧ ݧԧ էاѧӧ? ڧߧ֧ԧڧ֧ ֧ӧ, ڧާ ާ?? ֧اڧߧ ҧݧ֧, ܧڧէѧڧӧߧ ֧ ڧ ߧ ڧ ݧ֧?. ֧٧ݧѧ ߧ- ܧڧ, ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧڧ է? N, ܧ- ٧? ߧ ߧ֧էߧ ӧ?? ڧާߧߧ- ڧӧߧڧ ާݧ ԧݧѧާڧߧ. ӧѧ?֧ "֧ڧߧ ݧߧ ܧ 70", ԧݧѧާڧ - ڧ ѧڧէߧ ݧڧ֧ѧ? ݧڧާڧ ֧ߧ֧ڧ ڧާ ?ѧѧӧ ֧ӧߧ ҧѧ?֧ ٧ ާڧܧԧѧߧڧ٧ާ, ާ?? ڧߧ֧ڧߧѧݧߧ ѧ? էܧ? ڧߧ֧ڧߧѧݧߧڧ - ڧߧݧѧާѧߧڧ ڧܧڧߧ. ѧܧ?, ާ?֧ߧ ?ڧӧ ֧ӧ, ާڧݧ ҧѧܧ֧?ܧ ѧߧݧܧѧ?, ӧ֧٧ѧߧ ? ڧ٧٧֧ߧ ߧڧܧ ާߧ? ڧߧڧڧѧߧ ߧ֧ܧ٧ ѧߧܧ֧- 8-11 . ߧڧ NJ ??֧ էߧ ߧ NG, "֧է" ѧߧܧ֧ѧ. ѧѧӧ, ݧѧڧ- ?֧ ߧէ ?ӧ ݧڧԧѧާ֧ߧ ܧ էڧѧ- ߧ ??ߧާ, "֧ܧ֧ߧ" ? էѧ?? ѧ?ڧӧڧ ѧ?ѧܧ ا֧ݧէѧ էӧѧߧѧ֧- ѧݧѧߧ ֧ӧ, ڧާ ? ڧ٧ҧ֧ԧߧ ڧާݧѧ? ֧ԧ٧ܧڧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧߧ ֧ܧ֧?6,12 . էѧߧ, ڧާ?֧ߧ ? է ѧߧ NJ ڧѧߧ ާ?? - ٧ӧ? ӧڧ֧ܧ ԧѧߧܧ ݧѧҧ ֧- ڧߧڧ ܧާݧڧܧѧ?13 . ݧڧߧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ֧ѧ?ܧ ֧?ѧݧߧ ѧߧ-ާҧڧߧܧ ѧܧڧӧߧ LMWH, ߧѧاߧ? ? ߧ֧ѧܧڧ- ߧڧѧߧ ֧ѧڧߧ, ӧ?? ܧڧߧ֧ܧ է? ڧ 1998 ԧէڧߧ. ӧ? ڧѧاڧӧ? ܧѧ٧? է ڧ?֧ ߧ ާڧܧڧܧݧѧ? ٧ѧ?֧ߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ, LMWH ާا ާ?ڧ ݧҧ?? ڧߧݧѧާѧߧڧ ާ֧է?ѧ, ާ- ??֧ ѧܧڧӧߧ ߧܧݧ֧ѧߧ ѧܧ ܧѧ- , ߧڧէߧ? ֧ԧݧѧ? ߧڧӧ ѧܧ - ާܧ ߧ֧ܧ٧ ѧݧ (TNF-alfa) ڧߧ֧ݧ֧- ܧڧߧ 6 (IL-6)14 . է?ѧާ "step-up" ڧ, է էҧ ܧߧݧ ڧ٧ӧ ڧߧ֧ܧ?, էӧէ ֧? ֧ܧ ѧܧߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧa 39 ӧ֧٧ ߧѧ?ѧߧڧ ֧ߧէܧܧڧ է֧ߧѧاѧާ ڧߧڧڧѧߧڧ ֧ߧڧ ܧݧ֧ܧ? ާڧߧڧާѧݧߧ ڧߧӧѧ٧ڧӧߧڧ, ֧֧ڧߧ֧ѧݧߧڧ ܧݧ??֧ "ڧߧڧڧѧߧ" ߧ֧ܧڧߧ ܧڧӧ. ҧ٧ڧ ߧ ާڧߧڧާѧݧߧ ѧާ, ܧާ ?֧էߧѧ- ߧ ڧݧڧܧ ֧֧ڧߧ֧ѧݧߧ, ѧߧ- ڧߧ֧ѧݧߧ ڧݧ ѧߧԧѧڧߧ ӧ?? ֧ߧէܧ, ֧֧ߧڧ ڧܧڧ է֧ҧ- էާѧߧ, ӧ?ѧӧ ڧ٧ڧ ߧѧܧߧѧէߧ ߧ? ڧߧ֧ܧ?, ?? "ӧ֧ߧڧ" ڧ ܧާݧ֧ߧڧ ܧݧ- ??֧ ߧ֧ܧ٧, ߧ֧ާ ڧ? ߧ ާ?? ާߧ, ѧݧ ? ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ާ?֧ߧ ?ѧӧ ߧ֧ڧߧ֧ܧڧӧߧڧ ܧާݧڧܧѧ?, ֧ҧߧ ݧѧ- ܧ֧ݧ. ֧ҧڧէާѧ ڧ٧ӧէ ֧ߧѧڧ ֧, ֧ܧ ֧ܧѧߧ է֧ߧ, ܧ- ݧ ܧѧާ֧ ܧ? ߧ֧ܧڧߧ ާѧ- ?ѧݧ15,16 . ֧ާէ ?֧էߧѧӧߧ? ݧѧܧ ٧ ڧ٧ӧ??, ֧ݧէڧ?֧ӧ ֧ߧڧܧ ѧߧ֧- ڧߧ ӧ?? ڧԧݧ 18 F, ܧߧݧ ݧѧ٧ӧܧ, ԧէߧ ? ٧ ѧ?֧ߧ ٧ѧԧݧ- ?֧ߧڧ ܧѧާ֧ߧڧާ ѧާݧ ݧ֧է ڧݧ ѧ٧ާ է?֧ӧ ڧߧܧ֧, ܧ ܧ?ڧ ߧ? ާԧ? ѧէڧ ERCP EP-, ҧ٧ڧ ߧ ڧҧݧڧاߧ ڧ ֧ѧݧ ާߧڧ ڧէ17 . ѧߧ ڧާ֧ߧ AGD- ٧ҧ ѧӧܧ ?֧ݧ?- ܧڧ ٧ѧڧߧڧ ާ֧ѧߧڧ٧ѧާ ڧ ߧ ڧާ- ܧ ާ֧ѧߧڧ٧ާ, ާ֧ѧҧݧڧܧ ֧, ߧ ֧ӧߧ ҧѧ?֧ ߧ ڧ֧٧? ҧѧܧ֧?- ܧ ѧߧݧܧѧ?, ѧ٧ӧ? ֧ڧߧڧ ܧާݧ- ܧѧ? ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ާ?? ާߧ- 9 . ߧڧҧڧ ֧ѧ٧ ڧ?ѧӧ? ڧ- ܧ ڧߧڧҧڧߧ ѧܧڧӧߧ ߧ ֧ߧ٧ڧާ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ, ܧѧԧݧѧڧߧ ڧ֧, էܧ? ڧߧݧѧާѧߧڧ ڧܧڧߧ ڧ֧ ܧ- ݧ֧ާ֧ߧ, ѧݧ ާ֧ѧߧڧ٧ѧ ?ڧӧ ѧܧڧӧߧ ? է? ߧ?ѧѧ. է? ?ڧӧ ֧ڧܧѧߧ- ? ֧٧է֧֧ڧ, ߧѧѧ?֧ߧ է- ӧ֧է֧֧ڧ ԧէڧߧ ݧ ӧ֧ܧ. ֧֧ܧڧէߧ ֧էާէߧ֧ӧߧ ڧߧѧӧ֧ߧܧ ڧާ֧ߧ ӧڧܧڧ է٧ ѧڧߧڧߧ ԧѧҧ֧ܧѧ-ާ֧ڧݧѧ, ӧڧ է?ѧާ, ߧ ڧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ߧ ާߧ - ?֧ߧѧ, ٧ѧ ڧ֧ާ? ?֧ߧ ާ- ܧڧܧݧѧ? ֧اѧӧ? էڧ? ӧڧ ݧ֧ܧӧ ܧڧӧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ. ӧ?? ާ֧-ѧߧѧݧڧ٧ RCTs ڧ 2004- ԧէڧߧ6 . ѧݧߧ ݧܧѧݧߧ ڧާ֧ߧ է?֧ߧڧ է٧ ߧѧѧާѧ-ާ֧ڧݧѧ ֧ܧ ?֧էߧ ѧ֧? ܧ? ٧ѧ?֧ߧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧ ߧѧҧէ֧ӧ? ܧ?, էѧާѧڧߧ ӧ?ѧӧ ?֧ԧӧ ܧڧӧߧ ܧߧ֧- ѧ?, ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ާ?? ާߧ- , ? ڧ٧٧֧ߧ ܧڧ ٧ ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ѧ18 . ?ѧѧߧ էѧߧѧ, ӧ ӧ? ڧާ֧ߧ ߧѧݧ- ٧ ѧߧ, CVVH. ݧ֧ ѧ? ٧ ݧڧާ- ڧݧާ֧ѧܧڧݧѧߧ ާ֧ާҧѧߧ ܧݧ?? ڧߧݧѧާѧߧ ڧܧڧߧ: NF-lf, IL-1 b֧, IL-6 NF-alfa ֧֧, ڧާ ? ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ާ?֧ߧ ާߧ SAP; ܧѧ٧? ߧ ֧ҧ ٧ ?֧ߧ ӧ ӧ? ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ڧާ֧ߧ6,7 . ާѧݧ ާݧ֧ܧݧ ާѧݧߧ ֧- ߧڧ ٧ѧ?? ڧާ? ҧڧߧ ݧԧ ߧѧѧߧܧ ܧާݧڧܧѧ?, ܧѧ٧? է? PAF ѧߧ- ԧߧڧڧާ. ߧѧ?ߧ ާ?? ݧܧѧݧߧڧ ܧ- ݧڧܧѧ?, ڧߧէާ ڧ֧ާܧ ڧߧݧѧާ- ߧ էԧӧ ڧ֧ާܧ ֧, ڧڧ? ?ڧӧ ڧ? ߧ IL-8 -selectin. ?ڧ, ԧݧ֧է ԧѧߧܧ ݧѧҧ ާߧڧ ڧէ, ߧڧ ٧ѧҧ֧ݧ֧ا֧ߧ ܧڧߧ ֧֧ܧ ֧ҧ ӧڧ ݧ֧ܧӧ. էѧߧ, ?ڧӧ ڧ֧ާܧ ڧާ֧ߧ ߧ? ѧӧէѧߧ ӧ֧٧? ߧѧѧߧܧ ѧߧڧ էѧ, ѧݧ էԧڧ ܧѧէڧӧѧܧݧѧߧڧ ܧާݧڧܧѧ?19 . ڧާ֧ߧ ӧڧѧާڧߧ , , ܧѧ ֧ԧ٧ԧ- ߧڧ "ڧѧ" ݧҧէߧڧ ѧէڧܧѧݧ ܧ ?- ݧ?ܧ ?? SAP, ߧѧاѧݧ, ߧ? ڧާѧݧ ٧ߧѧ?ѧ ٧ڧڧӧߧ ڧ? ߧ ާ?? ڧ٧ڧܧ ާߧ ڧէ. ӧ, ӧ է- ? ? ӧ?֧ߧ ݧԧڧߧ ֧ѧӧܧ է ߧ֧ܧڧߧ ?֧ݧ? ѧܧڧߧ ߧ֧ӧѧߧ ?֧ߧ, է ?ڧӧ ߧ֧ҧߧ է "էԧӧ" ߧ ?ѧ? ڧާݧ. ԧ, ߧڧ ֧ߧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ާ֧ߧ ܧߧ֧ߧѧ- ?ѧާ ֧ߧէԧ֧ߧڧ ѧߧڧܧڧէѧߧѧ, ڧ٧ާ֧֧ߧڧ ܧ է?ܧ ֧ڧէ, 1. 7. էѧߧ, ܧѧ ߧ ߧ ܧߧݧߧڧ ߧڧާڧާ ҧ. ӧ֧a ڧ٧ڧݧѧ٧ է ݧѧܧ ֧?-֧ܧ ާ ҧݧ֧, էԧӧѧ?? ֧ѧ?ܧ "٧", ٧ ֧ڧܧѧߧ է֧ݧӧ? ӧڧ ѧߧڧܧڧէѧߧѧ, ߧ? ݧ? ܧѧէ ? ڧ? SAP, ܧ- ߧ ֧֧ܧ ?ڧӧ ֧ҧ ާڧߧڧާѧݧߧ20 . ? ߧڧߧڧѧߧ ֧ԧڧߧѧݧߧ ѧ֧?ܧ ڧߧ٧? ڧߧڧҧڧڧާ ֧ѧ٧ ܧާҧڧߧ- ? ѧߧڧҧڧڧܧ, ڧߧѧӧ֧ߧܧ ݧ- ާ֧ߧѧ? ѧݧѧߧڧ-ԧݧѧާڧ էڧ֧ڧէ ѧߧ, ӧڧܧ-٧ѧ֧ާڧߧܧ ܧߧڧߧڧѧߧ ӧ֧ߧ-ӧ- ߧ٧ߧ ֧ާڧݧѧ?, ܧѧ٧ѧݧ ߧ?ҧ? ֧٧ݧѧ ݧ֧? ѧ?֧ߧѧ ֧ܧڧ ѧܧ- ߧڧ ѧߧܧ֧ѧڧڧ. ѧܧ?, ֧ҧ ߧ- ܧާݧ֧ܧݧѧߧ ֧ѧڧߧ ѧݧߧ ֧ߧ- ѧݧߧ ڧѧߧ ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ? ڧѧݧ ߧ ާ?- ? ڧ٧ڧܧ ާߧ ڧէ (ԧѧڧ 1). ҧ٧ڧ ߧ էҧ ֧֧ܧ ݧ֧?, ڧާ֧ߧ ߧ- ӧ֧է֧ߧڧ ѧߧէѧէߧڧ ߧӧڧ ާ֧է ? ٧ߧѧ?ߧ ٧ ܧݧڧߧڧܧ ѧܧ. ԧѧߧڧѧӧ?? ѧܧ ܧߧѧߧ? ܧݧڧߧڧܧ? ֧ߧ ?ڧӧ ֧ѧ?ܧ ֧ڧܧѧߧ ҧڧ ? ާѧݧ ٧ѧ, ڧ ֧ҧ ӧէڧ ҧէ?ڧ ڧѧا- ӧ?ڧާ, ߧ ӧ?֧ ٧ܧ ڧڧѧߧڧܧ. ӧѧ ѧ٧ߧڧ 40 ѧڧ 1. ֧? ӧ֧էߧ ֧ߧѧ ާݧڧ ѧ?֧ߧѧ SAP ԧѧާ, ݧ֧֧ߧڧ ѧ٧ݧڧڧڧ ާ֧էѧާ : 1. Garg PK. Acute Pancreatitis-ECAB. New Delhi: Else- vier Health Sciences, 2010. 2. Forsmark CE. Pancreatitis and its complications. Totowa: Humana Press Inc., 2005. 3. Klingensmith ME. The Washington Manual of Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008. 4. Balthazar EJ. Imaging of the Pancreas: Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer- Verlag, 2007. 5. Gloor B, Schmidtmann AB, Worni , Ahmed Z, Uhl W, Bchler MW. 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