Effects of Exercise Intensity and Body Position on CV Function During Resistance Exercise
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elevated metabolism (1,9). Following proper resistance training principles may also contribute to a lowered heart rate/blood pressure after exercise, improved balance and stability and increased strength of connective tissue, and enhanced performance of everyday tasks. Resistance training has a positive effect on the human musculature, connective tissue, bone formation, and metabolism (1,9). One of the most direct cardiovascular adaptations to resistance training is the ability to tolerate higher blood pressure responses during exercise. During resistance training several cardiovascular changes occur including increased systolic blood pressure (SBP), increased heart rate (HR), increased mean arterial pressure (MAP) and rate pressure product (RPP) (1). Changes in these hemodynamic variables can be indicative of improvement in fitness, or the presence of disease. Although these changes are seen in both resistance training and aerobic training caution, must be taken. Increases in blood pressure and rate pressure product may prove to be dangerous within older individuals, individuals with heart disease, or individuals with little or no training. However, resistance training can be beneficial to all of these individuals when prescribed and supervised efficiently. Studies clearly show there is an increase in blood pressure during resistance training (2,3,4), possibly due to mechanical compression, pressor reflex, and/or an increase of intrathoracic pressure caused by the Valsalva maneuver (forced air against a closed glottis) (4). However there have been few studies investigating cardiovascular responses during resistance exercise at intensities greater than 70% of the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) or to complete failure (8, 10, 12). In addition, little research has been conducted on the effects of body position on these cardiovascular parameters.

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